IEC TS 61400-23:2001

FOREWORD
INTRODUCTION
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Definitions
4 Notation
   4.1 Symbols
   4.2 Greek symbols
   4.3 Subscripts
   4.4 Abbreviations
5 General principles
   5.1 Purpose of tests
   5.2 Limit states
   5.3 Practical constraints
   5.4 Results of test
6 Blade data
   6.1 General
   6.2 External dimensions and interfaces
   6.3 Blade characteristics
   6.4 Material data
   6.5 Design loads and conditions
   6.6 Areas to be tested
   6.7 Special blade modifications
   6.8 Root fixing
   6.9 Mechanisms
7 Differences between design and test load conditions
   7.1 General
   7.2 Load introduction
   7.3 Bending moments and shear
   7.4 Flatwise and edgewise combinations
   7.5 Radial loads
   7.6 Torsion loads
   7.7 Mechanisms
   7.8 Environmental conditions
   7.9 Load spectrum and sequence
8 Test loading
   8.1 General
   8.2 Load-based testing
   8.3 Strength-based testing
   8.4 Static-test load aspects
   8.5 Fatigue-test load aspects
   8.6 Sequence of static and fatigue tests
   8.7 Mechanisms
9 Load factors for testing
   9.1 General
   9.2 Partial safety factors used in the design
   9.3 Test load factors
   9.4 Application of load factors to obtain the target
         load
10 Evaluation of test load distribution in relation to
   design requirements
   10.1 General
   10.2 Influence of load introduction
   10.3 Static tests
   10.4 Fatigue tests
11 Failure modes
   11.1 General
   11.2 Catastrophic failure
   11.3 Functional failure
   11.4 Superficial failure
12 Test procedures and methods
   12.1 General
   12.2 Test stand and root fixture requirements
   12.3 Load introduction fixtures
   12.4 Static strength test
   12.5 Fatigue testing
   12.6 Advantages and disadvantages of test alternatives
   12.7 Deterministic corrections
   12.8 Data collection
13 Other tests determining blade properties
   13.1 General
   13.2 Test stand deflections
   13.3 Deflection
   13.4 Stiffness distribution
   13.5 Strain distribution measurements
   13.6 Natural frequencies
   13.7 Damping
   13.8 Mode shapes
   13.9 Mass distribution
   13.10 Creep
   13.11 Other non-destructive testing
   13.12 Blade sectioning
14 Reporting
   14.1 General
   14.2 Content
Annex A (normative) Partial safety factors considerations
Annex B (normative) Sensitivity of the evaluation to
        fatigue formulation
Annex C (normative) Loading angle change considerations
Annex D (informative) Examples of test set-ups
Bibliography

Is a technical specification providing guidelines for the full-scale structural testing of wind turbine blades and for the interpretation or evaluation of results, as a possible part of a design verification of the integrity of the blade. Includes static strength tests, fatigue tests, and other tests determining blade properties.


This publication is of high relevance for Smart Grid.