I.S. EN 60994:1993

FOREWORD
PREFACE
INTRODUCTION
SECTION ONE - GENERAL
1 Scope and object
   1.1 Scope
   1.2 Object
   1.3 Excluded topics
2 Terms, definitions, symbols and units
   2.1 Units
   2.2 Terms
   2.3 List of terms specific to this guide
   2.4 Classification of hydraulic machines
3 Guarantees
SECTION TWO - EXECUTION OF TESTS
4 Test conditions to be fulfilled
   4.1 Operating conditions under which measurements are performed
   4.2 Checks on the machine before the beginning of tests
5 Test procedure
   5.1 Parameters determining the operating point
   5.2 Vibration and pulsation quantities to be measured and
       locations of measuring points
   5.3 Personnel
   5.4 Agreement of test procedure
   5.5 Test programme
   5.6 Preparations for tests
   5.7 Observations
   5.8 Repetition of tests
SECTION THREE - METHODS OF MEASUREMENT, DATA ACQUISITION AND
                PROCESSING
6 Considerations relating to the methods of measurement
   6.1 Vibrations
   6.2 Radial vibrations of the shaft relative to the bearings
   6.3 Pressure pulsations
   6.4 Stresses
   6.5 Shaft torque pulsations
   6.6 Rotational speed pulsations
   6.7 Power pulsations
   6.8 Guide vane torque pulsations
   6.9 Radial thrust pulsations measured at the guide bearings
   6.10 Axial thrust pulsations measured at the thrust bearing
   6.11 Measured quantities defining the machine operating point
7 Calibration
   7.1 General
   7.2 Direct calibration
   7.3 Calibration by electrical reference signals
8 Recording
   8.1 Graphical recorders
   8.2 Magnetic tape recorders
   8.3 Digital recording
9 Data acquisition and processing
   9.1 General
   9.2 Selection of data processing methods
10 Measurement uncertainties
11 Final report
Appendix A - Formulae for calculating principal stresses and
             signal processing for dynamic strain measurements
             with rosettes
Appendix B - Formulae for calculating the torque on a cylindrical
             solid shaft and the axial load on a rectangular or
             circular section link using the strain gauge technique
Appendix C - Example of final report
Appendix D - Distortion of pressure pulsation measurements for
             transducers mounted with connecting pipe
ANNEX ZA (normative) OTHER INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATIONS QUOTED
         IN THIS STANDARD WITH THE REFERENCES OF THE RELEVANT
         EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS

Applies to any type of reaction or impulse turbine, as well as to any type of pump-turbine and storage pump, coupled to an electric generator or motor.