EN 14200:2004

Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
   3.1 Terms and definitions
   3.2 Symbols
4 Dimensions, characteristics, designation
   4.1 General
   4.2 Complete spring, form A
       4.2.1 Double spring, form A
       4.2.2 Example of designation
       4.2.3 Materials
   4.3 Complete spring, type B
       4.3.1 Single spring, type B
       4.3.2 Example of designation
       4.3.3 Materials
5 Individual parts
   5.1 General
   5.2 Spring buckle, type A
   5.3 Spring buckle, type B
   5.4 Pad and compensating pad
   5.5 Gib-head key
   5.6 Taper key
6 Requirements to be defined by the customer
   6.1 Operating conditions
   6.2 Geometrical requirements
       6.2.1 The design and characteristic curve
       6.2.2 Space requirement
       6.2.3 Spring buckle height of the spring ready for
             installation
       6.2.4 Centre distance of the eyes
   6.3 Mechanical requirements
       6.3.1 Axle load
       6.3.2 Specific compliance
       6.3.3 Service life
7 Product specification
   7.1 Technical specification
       7.1.1 Material cross-section
       7.1.2 Number of spring leaves
       7.1.3 Rectangularity of the spring eyes
   7.2 Material
       7.2.1 General
       7.2.2 Chemical composition
       7.2.3 Inclusion cleaness
   7.3 Mechanical properties
       7.3.1 General
       7.3.2 Hardness
       7.3.3 Toughness
       7.3.4 Compressive stresses in the surface
   7.4 Physical requirements
       7.4.1 Surface finish
       7.4.2 Decarburization
       7.4.3 Generation of inherent compressive stresses in
             the surface
       7.4.4 Grain size
   7.5 Other
       7.5.1 Surface protection
       7.5.2 Handling information
       7.5.3 Marking of spring buckle
8 Test methods
   8.1 Requirements
       8.1.1 General requirements
       8.1.2 Measuring device
   8.2 Requirements for spring test under load
       8.2.1 Requirements
       8.2.2 Bend test under test
       8.2.3 Testing of specific compliance
       8.2.4 Testing the spring characteristic
   8.3 Resistance to slipping of the spring leaves
       8.3.1 Displacement resistance test 1
       8.3.2 Displacement resistance test 2
   8.4 Methods of test and taking of samples for general and
       binding requirements
       8.4.1 Surface defects
       8.4.2 Compressive stresses on the surface
       8.4.3 Depth of decarburization
       8.4.4 Tensile strength
       8.4.5 Hardness test
       8.4.6 Impact strength on U-notch test pieces
       8.4.7 Chemical composition
   8.5 Testing of the spring buckle
       8.5.1 Hardness test
       8.5.2 Bending test on the spring buckle
       8.5.3 Expanding test piece on the spring buckle
   8.6 Testing and design of the spring eye
9 Product quality and final inspection
   9.1 General
   9.2 Control and monitoring of production quality
       9.2.1 General
       9.2.2 Quality assurance plan
       9.2.3 Batch control
   9.3 Requirements for the final inspection
       9.3.1 General
       9.3.2 Documentation
   9.4 Nonconformity
10 Marking of the spring buckle
11 Packaging
Annex A (normative) Materials for hot formed and treated
                    parabolic springs
      A.1 General
      A.2 Material for parabolic springs, steel
Annex B (normative) Magnetic particle testing on spring leaves
      B.1 General
      B.2 Method for detecting defects
          B.2.1 Principle
          B.2.2 Tests
Annex C (normative) Testing the efficiency of the shot peening
                    by the ALMEN method
      C.1 Field of application
      C.2 Testing of the method
      C.3 Device and installation
          C.3.1 ALMEN A2 sensor
          C.3.2 Specimen holder
          C.3.3 ALMEN measuring apparatus
Annex D (normative) Testing for inclusions
      D.1 Object
Bibliography

This European Standard applies to parabolic springs as spring elements for rail vehicles.This European Standard is a guide to the following subjects:-design;-specification of technical and qualitative requirements;-approval procedures and quality assurance of production methods;-tests and inspections to be carried out;delivery conditions.