CLC/TS 50467 : 2008 COR 2008
Superseded
A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.
View Superseded by
RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - ROLLING STOCK - ELECTRICAL CONNECTORS, REQUIREMENTS AND TEST METHODS
12-01-2011
01-12-2013
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Definitions
4 Technical information (electrical ratings)
5 Classification
5.1 General
5.2 Severity of service conditions in different rolling
stock technologies
5.3 Intended use of rolling stock
5.4 Location of connector on board rolling stock
6 Requirements
6.1 General
6.2 Marking and identification
6.3 Provision against incorrect mating (non-intermateable)
6.4 Protection against electric shock
6.5 Provisions for earthing
6.6 Terminations and connection methods
6.7 Resistance to ageing
6.8 General design
6.9 Design of a free connector
6.10 Interlock
6.11 Degree of protection IP
6.12 Dielectric strength
6.13 Mechanical and electrical durability
6.14 Cable strain relief
6.15 Mechanical strength
6.16 Vibration and shock
6.17 Insulation coordination
6.18 Temperature classes
6.19 Temperature rise
6.20 Protection against corrosion
6.21 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements
6.22 Fire behaviour of materials and components
6.23 Resistance to chemically active substances and to
contaminating fluids
6.24 Resistance to ozone
6.25 Resistance to UV
7 Tests
7.1 General
7.2 Test schedule
7.3 Tests on raw materials
7.4 Visual examination
7.5 Durability of marking
7.6 Interlock
7.7 Protection against electric shock
7.8 Temperature rise
7.9 Mechanical operation
7.10 Vibration and shock
7.11 Measurement of clearances and creepage distances
7.12 Dielectric strength
7.13 Resistance between accessible metal parts and the
protective earthing contact
7.14 Corrosion test
7.15 Ozone resistance (ISO 1431-1)
7.16 Resistance to UV (EN ISO 4892-2)
7.17 Resistance to fluids (EN 60512-19-3)
Annex A (informative) - Additional characteristics to be agreed by
the manufacturer and the user
Annex B (informative) - Severity of the service conditions in
different rolling stock locations
Bibliography
Defines additional terms, test methods and performance requirements for single-pole and multipole connectors with rated voltages up to 1000 V, rated currents up to 125 V per contact and frequencies below 3 MHz used for indoor and outdoor applications in railway rolling stock.
Committee |
SC 9XB
|
DocumentType |
Standard
|
PublisherName |
European Committee for Standards - Electrical
|
Status |
Superseded
|
SupersededBy |
Standards | Relationship |
DIN CLC/TS 50467 : 2009 | Identical |
VDE V 0115-490 : 2009 | Identical |
NEN NPR CLC/TS 50467 : 2008 C1 2008 | Identical |
CEI CLC/TS 50467 : 2008 | Identical |
DD CLC/TS 50467:2008 | Identical |
S.R. CLC/TS 50467:2008 | Identical |
CEI CLC/TS 50537-2 : 2011 | RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - MOUNTED PARTS OF THE TRACTION TRANSFORMER AND COOLING SYSTEM - PART 2: PUMP FOR INSULATING LIQUID FOR TRACTION TRANSFORMERS AND REACTORS |
S.R. CLC/TS 50537-2:2010 | RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - MOUNTED PARTS OF THE TRACTION TRANSFORMER AND COOLING SYSTEM - PART 2: PUMP FOR INSULATING LIQUID FOR TRACTION TRANSFORMERS AND REACTORS |
DD CLC/TS 50537-3:2010 | Railway applications. Mounted parts of the traction transformer and cooling system Water pump for traction converters |
CLC/TS 50537-2:2010 | Railway applications - Mounted parts of the traction transformer and cooling system - Part 2: Pump for insulating liquid for traction transformers and reactors |
CLC/TS 50537-3:2010 | Railway applications - Mounted parts of the traction transformer and cooling system - Part 3: Water pump for traction converters |
CEI CLC/TS 50537-3 : 2011 | RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - MOUNTED PARTS OF THE TRACTION TRANSFORMER AND COOLING SYSTEM - PART 3: WATER PUMP FOR TRACTION CONVERTERS |
DD CLC/TS 50537-2:2010 | Railway applications. Mounted parts of the traction transformer and cooling system Pump for insulating liquid for traction transformers and reactors |
S.R. CLC/TS 50537-3:2010 | RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - MOUNTED PARTS OF THE TRACTION TRANSFORMER AND COOLING SYSTEM - PART 3: WATER PUMP FOR TRACTION CONVERTERS |
EN 60999-2:2003 | Connecting devices - Electrical copper conductors - Safety requirements for screw-type and screwless-type clamping units - Part 2: Particular requirements for clamping units for conductors above 35 mm² up to 300 mm² (included) |
IEC 60512-23-7:2005 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 23-7: Screening and filtering tests - Test 23g: Effective transfer impedance of connectors |
EN 60352-2:2006/A1:2013 | SOLDERLESS CONNECTIONS - PART 2: CRIMPED CONNECTIONS - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS, TEST METHODS AND PRACTICAL GUIDANCE |
IEC 60352-3:1993 | Solderless connections - Part 3: Solderless accessible insulation displacement connections - General requirements, test methods and practical guidance |
EN 60512-11-2:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 11-2: Climatic tests - Test 11b: Combined/sequential cold, low air pressure and damp heat |
EN 60512-19-3:1997 | Electromechanical components for electronic equipment - Basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 19: Chemical resistance tests - Section 3: Test 19c - Fluid resistance |
IEC 60068-2-70:1995 | Environmental testing - Part 2-70: Tests - Test Xb: Abrasion of markings and letterings caused by rubbing of fingers and hands |
IEC 60512-11-4:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 11-4: Climatic tests - Test 11d: Rapid change of temperature |
IEC 60512-8:1993 | Electromechanical components for electronic equipment; basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 8: Connector tests (mechanical) and mechanical tests on contacts and terminations |
IEC 60512-11-9:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 11-9: Climatic tests - Test 11i: Dry heat |
IEC 60512-11-10:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 11-10: Climatic tests - Test 11j: Cold |
EN 60512-11-9:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 11-9: Climatic tests - Test 11i: Dry heat |
EN 50306-1:2002 | Railway applications - Railway rolling stock cables having special fire performance - Thin wall - Part 1: General requirements |
IEC 61984:2008 | Connectors - Safety requirements and tests |
IEC 60352-6:1997 | Solderless connections - Part 6: Insulation piercing connections - General requirements, test methods and practical guidance |
IEC 61373:2010 | Railway applications - Rolling stock equipment - Shock and vibration tests |
IEC 60512-3-1:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 3-1: Insulation tests - Test 3a: Insulation resistance |
IEC 60068-1:2013 | Environmental testing - Part 1: General and guidance |
EN 60512-1-100:2012 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 1-100: General - Applicable publications |
IEC 60512-6:1984 | Electromechanical components for electronic equipment; basic testing procedures and measuring methods. Part 6: Climatic tests and soldering tests |
EN 50382-2:2008/A1:2013 | RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK HIGH TEMPERATURE POWER CABLES HAVING SPECIAL FIRE PERFORMANCE - PART 2: SINGLE CORE SILICONE RUBBER INSULATED CABLES FOR 120 DEGREES C OR 150 DEGREES C |
IEC 60050-811:1991 | International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - Part 811: Electric traction |
IEC 60512-13-5:2006 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 13-5: Mechanical operation tests - Test 13e: Polarizing and keying method |
EN 60352-3:1994 | Solderless connections - Part 3: Solderless accessible insulation displacement connections - General requirements, test methods and practical guidance |
IEC 60512-15-1:2008 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 15-1: Connector tests (mechanical) - Test 15a: Contact retention in insert |
EN 50264-3:2002 | Railway applications - Railway rolling stock cables having special fire performance - Standard wall - Part 3: Multicore cables |
EN 61373:2010/AC:2017-09 | RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - ROLLING STOCK EQUIPMENT - SHOCK AND VIBRATION TESTS (IEC 61373:2010) |
EN 60068-1:2014 | Environmental testing - Part 1: General and guidance |
IEC 60512-1-4:1997 | Electromechanical components for electronic equipment - Basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 1: General - Section 4: Test 1d: Contact protection effectiveness (scoop-proof) |
IEC 60999-2:2003 | Connecting devices - Electrical copper conductors - Safety requirements for screw-type and screwless-type clamping units - Part 2: Particular requirements for clamping units for conductors above 35 mm2 up to 300 mm2 (included) |
IEC 61210:2010 | Connecting devices - Flat quick-connect terminations for electrical copper conductors - Safety requirements |
EN 60512-5-2:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 5-2: Current-carrying capacity tests - Test 5b: Current-temperature derating |
IEC 60512-7:1993 | Electromechanical components for electronic equipment; basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 7: Mechanical operating tests and sealing tests |
EN 60352-6:1997 | Solderless connections - Part 6: Insulation piercing connections - General requirements, test methods and practical guidance |
CLC/TS 45545-5:2009 | Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles - Part 5: Fire safety requirements for electrical equipment including that of trolley buses, track guided buses and magnetic levitation vehicles |
EN 60512-11-6:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 11-6: Climatic tests - Test 11f: Corrosion, salt mist |
EN 50153 : 2014 AMD 1 2017 | RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - ROLLING STOCK - PROTECTIVE PROVISIONS RELATING TO ELECTRICAL HAZARDS |
IEC 60512-11-2:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 11-2: Climatic tests - Test 11b: Combined/sequential cold, low air pressure and damp heat |
IEC 60512-15-3:2008 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 15-3: Connector tests (mechanical) - Test 15c: Insert retention in housing (torsional) |
IEC 60512-5-1:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 5-1: Current-carrying capacity tests - Test 5a: Temperature rise |
EN 60512-2-2:2003 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 2-2: Electrical continuity and contact resistance tests - Test 2b: Contact resistance - Specified test current method |
IEC 60512-2-5:2003 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 2-5: Electrical continuity and contact resistance tests - Test 2e: Contact disturbance |
EN 60512-23-7:2005 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 23-7: Screening and filtering tests - Test 23g: Effective transfer impedance of connectors |
EN 60512-1-4:1997 | Electromechanical components for electronic equipment - Basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 1: General - Section 4: Test 1d: Contact protection effectiveness (scoop-proof) |
IEC 60512-15-2:2008 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 15-2: Connector tests (mechanical) - Test 15b: Insert retention in housing (axial) |
EN 60512-1:2001 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 1: General |
CLC/TS 45545-5:2009 | Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles - Part 5: Fire safety requirements for electrical equipment including that of trolley buses, track guided buses and magnetic levitation vehicles |
EN 50382-1 : 2008 AMD 1 2013 | RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK HIGH TEMPERATURE POWER CABLES HAVING SPECIAL FIRE PERFORMANCE - PART 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS |
HD 588.1 : S1 AMD 1 | HIGH VOLTAGE TEST TECHNIQUES - GENERAL DEFINITIONS AND TEST REQUIREMENTS |
EN 60512-11-3:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 11-3: Climatic tests - Test 11c: Damp heat, steady state |
EN 60512-5-1:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 5-1: Current-carrying capacity tests - Test 5a: Temperature rise |
IEC 60999-1:1999 | Connecting devices - Electrical copper conductors - Safety requirements for screw-type and screwless-type clamping units - Part 1: General requirements and particular requirements for clamping units for conductors from 0,2 mm2 up to 35 mm2 (included) |
EN 50264-1:2008 | Railway applications - Railway rolling stock power and control cables having special fire performance - Part 1: General requirements |
EN ISO 6988:1994 | Metallic and other non-organic coatings - Sulfur dioxide test with general condensation of moisture (ISO 6988:1985) |
IEC 60352-1:1997 | Solderless connections - Part 1: Wrapped connections - General requirements, test methods and practical guidance |
IEC 60512-2-2:2003 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 2-2: Electrical continuity and contact resistance tests - Test 2b: Contact resistance - Specified test current method |
EN 50124-1:2017 | Railway applications - Insulation coordination - Part 1: Basic requirements - Clearances and creepage distances for all electrical and electronic equipment |
EN 60352-5:2012/AC:2014 | SOLDERLESS CONNECTIONS - PART 5: PRESS-IN CONNECTIONS - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS, TEST METHODS AND PRACTICAL GUIDANCE (IEC 60352-5:2012) |
EN 50264-2:2002 | Railway applications - Railway rolling stock cables having special fire performance - Standard wall - Part 2: Single core cables |
EN 60512-13-1:2006/corrigendum Dec. 2006 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 13-1: Mechanical operation tests - Test 13a: Engaging and separating forces |
ISO 1431-1:2012 | Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Resistance to ozone cracking Part 1: Static and dynamic strain testing |
EN 50125-1:2014 | Railway applications - Environmental conditions for equipment - Part 1: Rolling stock and on-board equipment |
IEC 60077-2:2017 | Railway applications - Electric equipment for rolling stock - Part 2: Electrotechnical components - General rules |
EN 60512-15-1 : 2008 | CONNECTORS FOR ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT - TESTS AND MEASUREMENTS - PART 15-1: CONNECTOR TESTS (MECHANICAL) - TEST 15A: CONTACT RETENTION IN INSERT |
EN 60512-11-7:2003 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 11- 7: Climatic tests - Test 11g: Flowing mixed gas corrosion test |
IEC 60512-11-3:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 11-3: Climatic tests - Test 11c: Damp heat, steady state |
EN 50155:2017 | Railway applications - Rolling stock - Electronic equipment |
EN 60512-1-2:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 1-2: General examination - Test 1b: Examination of dimension and mass |
IEC 60529:1989+AMD1:1999+AMD2:2013 CSV | Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) |
IEC 60512-1-1:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 1-1: General examination - Test 1a: Visual examination |
IEC 60352-5:2012 | Solderless connections - Part 5: Press-in connections - General requirements, test methods and practical guidance |
IEC 60512-1-100:2012 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 1-100: General - Applicable publications |
EN 60512-23-3:2001 | Electromechanical components for electronic equipment - Basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 23-3: Test 23c: Shielding effectiveness of connectors and accessories |
EN 50306-4:2002 | Railway applications - Railway rolling stock cables having special fire performance - Thin wall - Part 4: Multicore and multipair cables standard wall sheathed |
IEC 60512-23-4:2001 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 23-4: Screening and filtering tests - Test 23d: Transmission line reflections in the time domain |
IEC 60512-11-7:2003 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 11-7: Climatic tests - Test 11g: Flowing mixed gas corrosion test |
EN 60512-3-1:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 3-1: Insulation tests - Test 3a: Insulation resistance |
EN 60664-1:2007 | Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems - Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests |
IEC 60512-5-2:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 5-2: Current-carrying capacity tests - Test 5b: Current-temperature derating |
EN 60512-2-5:2003 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 2-5: Electrical continuity and contact resistance tests - Test 2e: Contact disturbance |
IEC 60512-19-3:1997 | Electromechanical components for electronic equipment - Basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 19: Chemical resistance tests - Section 3: Test 19c - Fluid resistance |
EN 50163 : 2004 COR 2013 | RAILWAY APPLICATIONS - SUPPLY VOLTAGES OF TRACTION SYSTEMS |
EN 60512-11-10:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 11-10: Climatic tests - Test 11j: Cold |
EN 60512-23-4:2001 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 23-4: Screening and filtering tests - Test 23d: Transmission line reflections in the time domain |
EN 60068-2-78:2013 | Environmental testing - Part 2-78: Tests - Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state |
IEC 60512-4-1:2003 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 4-1: Voltage stress tests - Test 4a: Voltage proof |
EN 50306-2:2002 | Railway applications - Railway rolling stock cables having special fire performance - Thin wall - Part 2: Single core cables |
ISO 4892-2:2013 | Plastics — Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources — Part 2: Xenon-arc lamps |
IEC 60512-9:1992 | Electromechanical components for electronic equipment; basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 9: Miscellaneous tests |
IEC 60352-2:2006+AMD1:2013 CSV | Solderless connections - Part 2: Crimped connections - Generalrequirements, test methods and practical guidance |
IEC 60512-11-6:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 11-6: Climatic tests - Test 11f: Corrosion, salt mist |
EN 60512-15-3:2008 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 15-3: Connector tests (mechanical) - Test 15c: Insert retention in housing (torsional) |
EN 61210:2010 | Connecting devices - Flat quick-connect terminations for electrical copper conductors - Safety requirements |
EN 60352-1:1997 | Solderless connections - Part 1: Wrapped connections - General requirements, test methods and practical guidance |
EN 60512-13-5:2006/corrigendum Dec. 2006 | CONNECTORS FOR ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT - TESTS AND MEASUREMENTS - PART 13-5: MECHANICAL OPERATION TESTS - TEST 13E: POLARIZING AND KEYING METHOD |
IEC 60050-826:2004 | International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - Part 826: Electrical installations |
EN 60999-1:2000 | Connecting devices - Electrical copper conductors - Safety requirements for screw-type and screwless-type clamping units - Part 1: General requirements and particular requirements for clamping units for conductors from 0,2 mm² up to 35 mm² (included) |
EN 50306-3:2002 | Railway applications - Railway rolling stock cables having special fire performance - Thin wall - Part 3: Single core and multicore cables (pairs, triples and quads) screened and thin wall sheathed |
EN 60352-4:1994/A1:2000 | SOLDERLESS CONNECTIONS - PART 4: SOLDERLESS NON-ACCESSIBLE INSULATION DISPLACEMENT CONNECTIONS - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS, TEST METHODS AND PRACTICAL GUIDANCE |
EN 61984:2009 | Connectors - Safety requirements and tests |
EN 60529:1991/AC:2016-12 | DEGREES OF PROTECTION PROVIDED BY ENCLOSURES (IP CODE) (IEC 60529 EDITION 2.2 CORRIGENDUM 2:2015) |
EN 60512-4-1:2003 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 4-1: Voltage stress tests - Test 4a: Voltage proof |
EN 60068-2-70:1996 | Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests - Test Xb: Abrasion of markings and letterings caused by rubbing of fingers and hands |
IEC 60060-1:2010 | High-voltage test techniques - Part 1: General definitions and test requirements |
IEC 60512-5:1992 | Electromechanical components for electronic equipment; basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 5: Impact tests (free components), static load tests (fixed components), endurance tests and overload tests |
IEC 60512-1:2001 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 1: General |
EN 60352-7:2002 | Solderless connections - Part 7: Spring clamp connections - General requirements, test methods and practical guidance |
EN 60512-1-1:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 1-1: General examination - Test 1a: Visual examination |
IEC 60512-23-3:2000 | Electromechanical components for electronic equipment - Basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 23-3: Test 23c: Shielding effectiveness of connectors and accessories |
EN 60512-15-2 : 2008 | CONNECTORS FOR ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT - TESTS AND MEASUREMENTS - PART 15-2: CONNECTOR TESTS (MECHANICAL) - TEST 15B: INSERT RETENTION IN HOUSING (AXIAL) |
EN 60068-2-32:1993 | Basic environmental testing procedures - Part 2: Tests - Test Ed: Free fall |
IEC 60077-1:2017 | Railway applications - Electric equipment for rolling stock - Part 1: General service conditions and general rules |
IEC 60309-1:1999+AMD1:2005+AMD2:2012 CSV | Plugs, socket-outlets and couplers for industrial purposes - Part 1: General requirements |
IEC 60664-1:2007 | Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems - Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests |
EN ISO 4892-2:2013 | Plastics - Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources - Part 2: Xenon-arc lamps (ISO 4892-2:2013) |
ISO 6988:1985 | Metallic and other non organic coatings Sulfur dioxide test with general condensation of moisture |
IEC 60050-581:2008 | International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - Part 581: Electromechanical components for electronic equipment |
IEC 60068-2-52:2017 | Environmental testing - Part 2-52: Tests - Test Kb: Salt mist, cyclic (sodium chloride solution) |
IEC 60512-1-2:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 1-2: General examination - Test 1b: Examination of dimension and mass |
IEC 60352-7:2002 | Solderless connections - Part 7: Spring clamp connections - General requirements, test methods and practical guidance |
IEC 60512-13-1:2006 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 13-1: Mechanical operation tests - Test 13a: Engaging and separating forces |
EN 60512-11-4:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 11-4: Climatic tests - Test 11d: Rapid change of temperature |
EN 60309-1:1999/A1:2007/AC:2014 | PLUGS, SOCKET-OUTLETS AND COUPLERS FOR INDUSTRIAL PURPOSES - PART 1: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS (IEC 60309-1:1999/A2:2012) |
EN 60512-2-1:2002 | Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 2-1: Electrical continuity and contact resistance tests - Test 2a: Contact resistance - Millivolt level method |
Access your standards online with a subscription
Features
-
Simple online access to standards, technical information and regulations.
-
Critical updates of standards and customisable alerts and notifications.
-
Multi-user online standards collection: secure, flexible and cost effective.