CEN/TS 14961:2005

1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviations
5 Principle
6 Classification of origin and sources of solid biofuels
  6.1 General
  6.2 Woody biomass
      6.2.1 Forest and plantation wood
      6.2.2 Wood processing industry by-products and
            residues
      6.2.3 Used wood
      6.2.4 Blends and mixtures
  6.3 Herbaceous biomass
      6.3.1 Agriculture and horticulture herb
      6.3.2 Herb processing industry, by-products and
            residues
      6.3.3 Blends and mixtures
  6.4 Fruit biomass
      6.4.1 Orchard and horticulture fruit
      6.4.2 Fruit processing industry, by-products and
            residues
      6.4.3 Blends and mixtures
  6.5 Biomass blends and mixtures
7 Specification of solid biofuels based on traded forms
  and properties
  7.1 Traded forms of solid biofuels
  7.2 Specification of properties of solid biofuels
Annex A (informative) Examples of specifications for high
        quality classes of solid biofuels recommended for
        household usage
Annex B (informative) Illustrations of typical forms of
        wood fuels
  B.1 Classification of wood fuels based on a typical
      particle size
  B.2 Difference between wood chips (left) and hog fuel
      (right). Source: Swedish University of Agricultural
      Sciences
Annex C (informative) Typical values of solid biomass fuels
Annex D (informative) Examples of possible causes for deviant
        levels for different properties and of consequences
        of handling and treatments for the properties of woody
        biomass
  D.1 Examples of possible causes for deviant levels for
      different properties, woody biomass
  D.2 Examples of consequences of handling and treatments for
      the properties of woody biomass

This Technical Specification determines the fuel quality classes and specifications for solid biofuels. According to the mandate given for the standardisation work, the scope of the Technical Specification (TC335) only includes solid biofuels originating from the following sources:-products from agriculture and forestry;-vegetable waste from agriculture and forestry;-vegetable waste from the food processing industry;-wood waste, with the exception of wood waste which may contain halogenated organic compounds or heavy metals as a result of treatment with wood preservatives or coating, and which includes in particular such wood waste originated from construction and demolition waste;-fibrous vegetable waste from virgin pulp production and from production of paper from pulp, if it is co-incinerated at the place of production and heat generated is recovered;-cork waste.NOTEFor the avoidance of doubt, demolition wood is not included in the scope of this Technical Specification. Demolition wood is "used wood arising from demolition of buildings or civil engineering installations" (CEN/TS 14588).