BS 5046:1974

Co-operating organizations
Foreword
Method
1 Scope
2 Terminology
3 Tables of equivalent diameters
3.1 General
3.2 Cylinders and discs
3.3 Rectangular sections, including plates
3.4 Tubes and rings
3.5 Shapes consisting of combinations of 2 or 3
     cylinders with common axis
Appendices
A Information on the basis of calculation of the
     tables
B Two- and three-cylinder problems
C Miscellaneous shapes
Tables
1 Equivalent diameters for cylinders and discs, air
     cooled
2 Equivalent diameters for cylinders and discs, oil
     quenched
3 Equivalent diameters for cylinders and discs, water
     quenched
4 Equivalent diameters for rectangular sections, air
     cooled
5 Equivalent diameters for rectangular sections, oil
     quenched
6 Equivalent diameters for rectangular sections,
     water quenched
7 Tubes, air cooled: f factors to be applied to wall
     thickness, y
8 Tubes, oil quenched: f factors to be applied to
     wall thickness, y
9 Tubes, water quenched: f factors to be applied to
     wall thickness, y
10 Rings, air cooled: f factors to be applied to axial
     thickness, z
11 Rings, oil quenched: f factors to be applied to
     axial thickness, z
12 Rings, water quenched: f factors to be applied to
     axial thickness, z
13 Values for f for varying heat-transfer factors
Figures
1 Two-cylinder objects: stages in calculation
2a Two-cylinder objects: factor f when E0 > or = d
2b Two-cylinder objects: factor f when E0 < or = d
3 Three-cylinder objects
4 f factors for cylinders of finite length
5 f factors for rectangular sections of infinite
     length
6 f factors for discs
7 Computed and estimated equivalent diameters in
     relation to length of smaller diameter cylinder
8 Equivalent diameters in relation to Dl/d
9 Three cylinder object, middle cylinder having
     smallest diameter

Terminology, tables of equivalent diameters for cylinders and discs, rectangular sections, tubes, and rings. Combinations of 2 or 3 cylinders with common axis. Appendices give information on basis of calculation of the tables, two and three cylinder problems, miscellaneous shapes.

1.1 This British Standard provides data for the estimation of the equivalent diameters of pieces of steel of relatively simple shape (hereafter referred to as ‘objects’).

The information is not confined to one type of product, e.g. forgings as distinct from castings or rolled plate, but refers to all objects undergoing a cooling process from an elevated temperature down to ambient temperature by being allowed to stand in still air or by immersion in oil or water.

1.2 The main application of this standard is to the hardening of steels, i.e. to those heat-treatments intended to develop certain desired mechanical properties. It may also be applied to other heat-treatment operations involving similar cooling conditions, where the concept of ‘equivalent diameter’ (as defined in 2.2) is still relevant.

1.3 This standard applies to the following shapes:

1. cylinders and discs;

2. rectangular sections, including plates;

3. rings and tubes;

4. certain axially symmetric shapes with varying cross sections.

1.4 Guidance for the estimation of equivalent diameters for some other miscellaneous shapes is given in Appendix C. Details of the basis used for the calculation have been included in Appendix A.

NOTE. The title of the British Standard referred to in this standard is given on the inside back cover.