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ASTM E 1963 : 2009 : R2014

Superseded

Superseded

A superseded Standard is one, which is fully replaced by another Standard, which is a new edition of the same Standard.

View Superseded by

Standard Guide for Conducting Terrestrial Plant Toxicity Tests

Available format(s)

Hardcopy , PDF

Superseded date

09-29-2022

Superseded by

ASTM E 1963 : 2022

Language(s)

English

Published date

12-04-2014

US$108.00
Excluding Tax where applicable

CONTAINED IN VOL. 11.06, 2015 Defines practices for conducting plant toxicity tests using terrestrial plant species to determine effects of test substances on plant growth and development.

Committee
E 50
DocumentType
Guide
Pages
21
ProductNote
Reconfirmed 2014
PublisherName
American Society for Testing and Materials
Status
Superseded
SupersededBy
Supersedes

1.1This guide covers practices for conducting plant toxicity tests using terrestrial plant species to determine effects of test substances on plant growth and development. Specific test procedures are presented in accompanying annexes.

1.2Terrestrial plants are vital components of ecological landscapes. The populations and communities of plants influence the distribution and abundance of wildlife. Obviously, plants are the central focus of agriculture, forestry, and rangelands. Toxicity tests conducted under the guidelines and annexes presented herein can provide critical information regarding the effects of chemicals on the establishment and maintenance of terrestrial plant communities.

1.3Toxic substances that prevent or reduce seed germination can have immediate and large impacts to crops. In natural systems, many desired species may be sensitive, while other species are tolerant. Such selective pressure can result in changes in species diversity, population dynamics, and community structure that may be considered undesirable. Similarly, toxic substances may impair the growth and development of seedlings resulting in decreased plant populations, decreased competitive abilities, reduced reproductive capacity, and lowered crop yield. For the purposes of this guide, test substances include pesticides, industrial chemicals, sludges, metals or metalloids, and hazardous wastes that could be added to soil. It also includes environmental samples that may have had any of these test substances incorporated into soil.

1.4Terrestrial plants range from annuals, capable of completing a life-cycle in as little as a few weeks, to long-lived perennials that grow and reproduce for several hundreds of years. Procedures to evaluate chemical effects on plants range from short-term measures of physiological responses (for example, chlorophyll fluorescence) to field studies of trees over several years. Research and development of standardized plant tests have emphasized three categories of tests: (1) short-term, physiological endpoints (that is, biomarkers); (2) short-term tests conducted during the early stages of plant growth with several endpoints related to survival, growth, and development; and (3) life-cycle toxicity tests that emphasize reproductive success.

1.5This guide is arranged by sections as follows:

Section

Title

1

Scope

2

Referenced Documents

3

Terminology

4

Summary of Phytotoxicity Tests

5

Significance and Use

6

Apparatus

7

Test Material

8

Hazards

9

Test Organisms

10

Sample Handling and Storage

11

Calibration and Standardization

12

Test Conditions

13

Interference and Limitations

14

Quality Assurance and Quality Control

15

Calculations and Interpretation of Results

16

Precision and Bias

1.6The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.7This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8.

ASTM E 1733 : 1995 : R2014 Standard Guide for Use of Lighting in Laboratory Testing
ASTM E 1733 : 1995 : R2002 : EDT 1 Standard Guide for Use of Lighting in Laboratory Testing
ASTM E 1733 : 1995 Standard Guide for Use of Lighting in Laboratory Testing
ASTM D 4547 : 2009 Standard Guide for Sampling Waste and Soils for Volatile Organic Compounds
ASTM D 5633 : 2004 : R2016 Standard Practice for Sampling with a Scoop
ASTM D 1193 : 1977 : R1983 : EDT 1 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM E 1733 : 2022 Standard Guide for Use of Lighting in Laboratory Testing
ASTM D 5633 : 1994 Standard Practice for Sampling with a Scoop
ASTM D 5633 : 2004 : R2012 Standard Practice for Sampling with a Scoop
ASTM D 4547 : 2015 Standard Guide for Sampling Waste and Soils for Volatile Organic Compounds
ASTM D 4547 : 1998 Standard Guide for Sampling Waste and Soils for Volatile Organic Compounds
ASTM D 1193 : 2006 : R2011 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM D 5633 : 2021 Standard Practice for Sampling with a Scoop
ASTM D 5633 : 2004 Standard Practice for Sampling with a Scoop
ASTM D 1193 : 1991 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM E 1598 : 1994 Standard Practice for Conducting Early Seedling Growth Tests (Withdrawn 2003)
ASTM D 4547 : 2003 Standard Guide for Sampling Waste and Soils for Volatile Organic Compounds
ASTM D 1193 : 1970 Standard Specification For Reagent Water
ASTM D 1193 : 2006 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM D 1193 : 1999 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM D 4547 : 2015 : REDLINE Standard Guide for Sampling Waste and Soils for Volatile Organic Compounds
ASTM D 1193 : 2006 : R2018 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM D 5633 : 2004 : R2008 Standard Practice for Sampling with a Scoop
ASTM E 1733 : 1995 : R2008 Standard Guide for Use of Lighting in Laboratory Testing
ASTM D 4547 : 2006 Standard Guide for Sampling Waste and Soils for Volatile Organic Compounds

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