ASTM D 4483 : 2020
Current
The latest, up-to-date edition.
Standard Practice for Evaluating Precision for Test Method Standards in the Rubber and Carbon Black Manufacturing Industries
Hardcopy , PDF
English
06-01-2020
Committee |
D 11
|
DocumentType |
Standard Practice
|
Pages |
59
|
PublisherName |
American Society for Testing and Materials
|
Status |
Current
|
Supersedes |
1.1This practice covers guidelines for evaluating precision and serves as the governing practice for interlaboratory test programs (ITP) used to evaluate precision for test methods as used in the rubber manufacturing and the carbon black industries. This practice uses the basic one way analysis of variance calculation algorithms of Practice E691. Although bias is not evaluated in this practice, it is an essential concept in understanding precision evaluation.
1.2This practice applies to test methods that have test results expressed in terms of a quantitative continuous variable. Although exceptions may occur, it is in general limited to test methods that are fully developed and in routine use in a number of laboratories.
1.3Two precision evaluation methods are given that are described as robust statistical procedures that attempt to eliminate or substantially decrease the influence of outliers. The first is a General Precision procedure intended for all test methods in the rubber manufacturing industry, and the second is a specific variation of the general precision procedure designated as Special Precision, that applies to carbon black testing. Both of these procedures use the same uniform level experimental design and the Mandel h and k statistics to review the precision database for potential outliers. However, they use slight modifications in the procedure for rejecting incompatible data values as outliers. The Special Precision procedure is specific as to the number of replicates per database cell or material-laboratory combination.
1.4This practice is divided into the following sections:
Section | |
Scope | 1 |
Referenced Documents | 2 |
Terminology | 3 |
Significance and Use | 4 |
Precision Evaluation—General Precision and Special Precision | 5 |
Steps in Organizing an Interlaboratory Test Program (ITP) | 6 |
Overview of the General Precision Analysis Procedure | 7 |
General Precision: Analysis Step 1 | 8 |
Preliminary Graphical Data Review | 8.1 |
Calculation of Precision for Original Database | 8.2 |
Detection of Outliers at 5 % Significance Level Using h and k Statistics | 8.3 |
Generation of Revision 1 Database Using Outlier Treatment Option 1 or 2 | 8.4 |
General Precision: Analysis Step 2 | 9 |
Calculation of Precision for Revision 1 Database | 9.1 |
Detection of Outliers at 2 % Significance Level Using h and k Statistics | 9.1 |
Generation of Revision 2 Database Using Outlier Treatment Option 1 or 2 | 9.1.2 |
General Precision: Analysis Step 3 | 10 |
Calculation of Precision Using Revision 2 Database | 10.1 |
Special Precision Analysis—Carbon Black Testing | 11 |
Format for Precision Table and Clause in Test Method Standards | 12 |
Preparation of Report for Precision Analysis | 13 |
Definitions for Selected Terms Concerned with Precision and Testing | Annex A1 |
Statistical Model for Interlaboratory Testing Programs | Annex A2 |
Calculating the h and k Consistency Statistics for Outliers | Annex A3 |
Spreadsheet Calculation Formulas, Table Layout, and Calculation Sequence | Annex A4 |
Procedure for Calculating Replacement Values of Deleted Outliers | Annex A5 |
Example of General Precision Evaluation—Mooney Viscosity Testing | Annex A6 |
1.5Six annexes are presented; these serve as supplements to the main body of this practice. Annex A1 and Annex A2 are given mainly as background information that is important for a full understanding of precision evaluation. Annex A3 – Annex A5 contain detailed instructions and procedures needed to perform the operations as called for in various parts of the practice. The use of these annexes in this capacity avoids long sections of involved instruction in the main body of this practice. This allows for a better presentation and understanding of the central concepts involved in the evaluation of precision. Annex A6 is also important; it gives a complete example of precision evaluation that illustrates all of the procedures and options likely to be encountered in any precision evaluation, from the simple to the most complex.
1.6This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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ASTM D 945 : 2016 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber Properties in Compression or Shear (Mechanical Oscillograph) |
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ASTM D 3484 : 2006 : R2016 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber—Evaluation of Oil-Extended Solution BR (Polybutadiene Rubber) |
ASTM D 5774 : 1995 : R2019 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber—Chemical Analysis of Extractables |
ASTM D 4574 : 2006 : R2017 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber Compounding Materials—Determination of Ash Content |
ASTM D 5376 : 2006 : R2017 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Compounding Materials—Determination of the Basic Nitrogen Content in Rubber Antioxidant: Polymerized TMQ |
ASTM D 3848 : 2003 : R2018 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber—Evaluation of NBR (Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Copolymers) Mixed With Carbon Black |
ASTM D 750 : 2012 : R2017 | Standard Practice for Rubber Deterioration Using Artificial Weathering Apparatus |
ASTM D 6147 : 1997 : R2020 | Standard Test Method for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomer—Determination of Force Decay (Stress Relaxation) in Compression |
ASTM D 5666 : 1995 : R2019 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Chemical Antidegradants—Purity of <emph type="bdit" >p</emph>-Phenylenediamine (PPD) Antidegradants by High Performance Liquid Chromatography |
ASTM D 6845 : 2018 | Standard Test Method for Silica, Precipitated, Hydrated—CTAB (Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide) Surface Area |
ASTM D 3568 : 2003 : R2018 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber—Evaluation of EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Terpolymers) Including Mixtures With Oil |
ASTM D 2240 : 2015 : EDT 1 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hardness |
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ASTM F 1957 : 1999 : R2017 | Standard Test Method for Composite Foam Hardness-Durometer Hardness |
ASTM D 1414 : 2015 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber O-Rings |
ASTM D 6515 : 2000 : R2016 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Shaft Seals Determination of Recovery From Bending |
ASTM D 2137 : 2011 : R2018 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber Property—Brittleness Point of Flexible Polymers and Coated Fabrics |
ASTM D 7662 : 2015 | Standard Test Method for Carbon Content in Carbon Black Feedstock Oils |
ASTM D 991 : 1989 : R2020 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Volume Resistivity Of Electrically Conductive and Antistatic Products |
ASTM D 3192 : 2009 : R2019 | Standard Test Methods for Carbon Black Evaluation in NR (Natural Rubber) |
ASTM D 471 : 2016 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids |
ASTM D 6499 : 2018 | Standard Test Method for Immunological Measurement of Antigenic Protein in Hevea Natural Rubber (HNR) and its Products |
ASTM D 5044 : 2006 : R2017 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Compounding Materials—Free 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) in Benzothiazyl Disulfide (MBTS) |
ASTM D 1415 : 2018 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—International Hardness |
ASTM D 5963 : 2004 : R2019 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Abrasion Resistance (Rotary Drum Abrader) |
ASTM D 6739 : 2020 | Standard Test Method for Silica—pH Value |
ASTM F 623 : 2019 | Standard Performance Specification for Foley Catheter |
ASTM D 1917 : 2003 : R2017 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber Property—Shrinkage of Raw and Compounded Hot-Polymerized Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR) |
ASTM D 6204 : 2019 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Rubber—Measurement of Unvulcanized Rheological Properties Using Rotorless Shear Rheometers |
ASTM D 6281 : 2015 | Standard Test Method for Airborne Asbestos Concentration in Ambient and Indoor Atmospheres as Determined by Transmission Electron Microscopy Direct Transfer (TEM) |
ASTM D 3900 : 2017 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber—Determination of Ethylene Units in Ethylene-Propylene Copolymers (EPM) and in Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Terpolymers (EPDM) by Infrared Spectrometry |
ASTM D 7605 : 2011 : R2016 | Standard Test Method for Thermoplastic Elastomers—Measurement of Polymer Melt Rheological Properties and Congealed Dynamic Properties Using Rotorless Shear Rheometers |
ASTM D 623 : 2007 : R2019 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber Property—Heat Generation and Flexing Fatigue In Compression |
ASTM D 3493 : 2019 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Carbon Black—Oil Absorption Number of Compressed Sample (COAN) |
ASTM D 1937 : 2018 | Standard Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Mass Strength |
ASTM D 2084 : 2019 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Vulcanization Using Oscillating Disk Cure Meter |
ASTM D 3191 : 2010 : R2014 | Standard Test Methods for Carbon Black in SBR (Styrene-Butadiene Rubber)—Recipe and Evaluation Procedures |
ASTM D 1618 : 2018 | Standard Test Method for Carbon Black Extractables—Transmittance of Toluene Extract |
ASTM D 1619 : 2016 : REV A | Standard Test Methods for Carbon Black—Sulfur Content |
ASTM D 4571 : 2006 : R2017 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber Compounding Materials—Determination of Volatile Material |
ASTM D 7558 : 2009 : R2019 | Standard Test Method for Colorimetric/Spectrophotometric Procedure to Quantify Extractable Chemical Dialkyldithiocarbamate, Thiuram, and Mercaptobenzothiazole Accelerators in Natural Rubber Latex and Nitrile Gloves |
ASTM F 414 : 2015 | Standard Test Method for Energy Absorbed by a Tire When Deformed by Slow-Moving Plunger |
ASTM D 3187 : 2006 : R2016 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber—Evaluation of NBR (Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber) |
ASTM D 6924 : 2003 : R2017 | Standard Specification for Preformed Thermoplastic Vulcanizate Elastomeric Joint Seals for Bridges |
ASTM D 6600 : 2000 : R2017 | Standard Practice for Evaluating Test Sensitivity for Rubber Test Methods |
ASTM D 4937 : 1996 : R2017 | Standard Test Method for <emph type="ital">p</emph>-Phenylenediamine Antidegradants Purity by Gas Chromatography |
ASTM D 378 : 2010 : R2016 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber (Elastomeric) Conveyor Belting, Flat Type |
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ASTM D 2228 : 2004 : R2019 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Relative Abrasion Resistance by Pico Abrader Method |
ASTM D 531 : 2015 : R2019 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Pusey and Jones Indentation |
ASTM D 1506 : 2015 | Standard Test Methods for Carbon Black—Ash Content |
ASTM D 3346 : 2017 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber Property—Processability of Emulsion SBR (Styrene-Butadiene Rubber) With the Mooney Viscometer (Delta Mooney) |
ASTM D 6915 : 2017 : EDT 1 | Standard Practice for Carbon Black—Evaluation of Standard Reference Blacks |
ASTM D 5668 : 2019 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber From Synthetic Sources—Volatile Matter |
ASTM D 4026 : 2006 : R2017 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Latex—Styrene-Butadiene Copolymer—Determination of Residual Styrene |
ASTM D 4572 : 1989 : R2017 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Chemicals—Wet Sieve Analysis of Sulfur |
ASTM D 3958 : 2006 : R2016 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber—Evaluation of BIIR and CIIR (Halogenated Isobutene—Isoprene Rubber) |
ASTM D 2663 : 2014 : R2019 | Standard Test Methods for Carbon Black—Dispersion in Rubber |
ASTM D 6556 : 2019 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Carbon Black—Total and External Surface Area by Nitrogen Adsorption |
ASTM D 813 : 2007 : R2019 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Deterioration—Crack Growth |
ASTM D 6601 : 2019 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Properties—Measurement of Cure and After-Cure Dynamic Properties Using a Rotorless Shear Rheometer |
ASTM D 4986 : 2020 | Standard Test Method for Horizontal Burning Characteristics of Cellular Polymeric Materials |
ASTM D 7771 : 2017 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzo-α-Pyrene (BaP) Content in Carbon Black |
ASTM D 1076 : 2015 | Standard Specification for Rubber—Concentrated, Ammonia Preserved, Creamed, and Centrifuged Natural Latex |
ASTM D 1278 : 1991 : REV A : R2015 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber from Natural Sources—Chemical Analysis |
ASTM D 1510 : 2019 : REV A | Standard Test Method for Carbon Black—Iodine Adsorption Number |
ASTM D 380 : 1994 : R2020 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber Hose |
ASTM D 395 : 2018 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber Property—Compression Set |
ASTM D 573 : 2004 : R2019 | Standard Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration in an Air Oven |
ASTM D 4569 : 2006 : R2017 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Compounding Materials—Determination of Acidity in Sulfur |
ASTM D 5297 : 1995 : R2019 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber Chemical Accelerator—Purity by High Performance Liquid Chromatography |
ASTM D 4482 : 2011 : R2017 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Extension Cycling Fatigue |
ASTM D 3492 : 2016 | Standard Specification for Rubber Contraceptives (Male Condoms) |
ASTM D 3186 : 2007 : R2016 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber—Evaluation of SBR (Styrene-Butadiene Rubber) Mixed With Carbon Black or Carbon Black and Oil |
ASTM D 4678 : 2015 : REV A : R2019 | Standard Practice for Rubber—Preparation, Testing, Acceptance, Documentation, and Use of Reference Materials |
ASTM D 6047 : 2017 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber, Raw—Determination of 5-Ethylidenenorbornene (ENB) or Dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) in Ethylene-Propylene-Diene (EPDM) Terpolymers |
ASTM D 4527 : 2018 | Standard Test Method for Carbon Black—Solvent Extractables |
ASTM D 751 : 2019 | Standard Test Methods for Coated Fabrics |
ASTM D 5099 : 2008 : R2017 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber—Measurement of Processing Properties Using Capillary Rheometry |
ASTM D 5712 : 2015 | Standard Test Method for Analysis of Aqueous Extractable Protein in Latex, Natural Rubber, and Elastomeric Products Using the Modified Lowry Method |
ASTM D 2414 : 2019 | Standard Test Method for Carbon Black—Oil Absorption Number (OAN) |
ASTM D 1511 : 2012 : R2017 | Standard Test Method for Carbon Black—Pellet Size Distribution |
ASTM D 4573 : 2003 : R2018 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Chemicals—Determination of Oil Content in Oil-Treated Sulfur |
ASTM D 3185 : 2006 : R2016 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber—Evaluation of SBR (Styrene-Butadiene Rubber) Including Mixtures With Oil |
ASTM D 3189 : 2006 : R2016 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber—Evaluation of Solution BR (Polybutadiene Rubber) |
ASTM D 1329 : 2016 | Standard Test Method for Evaluating Rubber Property—Retraction at Lower Temperatures (TR Test) |
ASTM D 1509 : 2018 | Standard Test Methods for Carbon Black—Heating Loss |
ASTM D 4004 : 2006 : R2017 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber—Determination of Metal Content by Flame Atomic Absorption (AAS) Analysis |
ASTM D 5670 : 1995 : R2019 | Standard Test Method for Rubber—Determination of Residual Unsaturation in Hydrogenated Nitrile Rubber (HNBR) by Infrared Spectrophotometry |
ASTM D 1229 : 2003 : R2019 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Compression Set at Low Temperatures |
ASTM D 3616 : 1995 : R2019 | Standard Test Method for Rubber—Determination of Gel, Swelling Index, and Dilute Solution Viscosity |
ASTM D 3190 : 2006 : R2016 | Standard Test Method for Rubber—Evaluation of Chloroprene Rubber (CR) |
ASTM D 3403 : 2007 : R2016 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber—Evaluation of IR (Isoprene Rubber) |
ASTM D 1991 : 2015 : R2019 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Chemicals—2-Mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT)—Assay |
ASTM D 4936 : 2010 : R2019 | Standard Test Method for Mercaptobenzothiazole Sulfenamide Assay by Reduction/Titration |
ASTM D 5775 : 1995 : R2019 | Standard Test Method for Rubber—Determination of Bound Styrene in Styrene Butadiene Rubber by Refractive Index |
ASTM D 6746 : 2015 | Standard Test Method for Determination of Green Strength and Stress Relaxation of Raw Rubber or Unvulcanized Compounds |
ASTM D 4075 : 2006 : R2017 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber Compounding Materials—Flame Atomic Absorption Analysis—Determination of Metals |
ASTM D 6600 : 2000 : R2023 | Standard Practice for Evaluating Test Sensitivity for Rubber Test Methods |
ASTM E 691 : 2020 | Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method |
ASTM E 691 : 2019 : EDT 1 | Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method |
ASTM E 691 : 2023 | Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method |
ASTM E 691 : 2022 | Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method |
ASTM E 691 : 2009 | Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method |
ASTM E 691 : 2021 | Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method |
ASTM D 6600 : 2000 : EDT 1 | Standard Practice for Evaluating Test Sensitivity for Rubber Test Methods |
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