AS/NZS 1158.1.3:1997

1 - AS/NZS 1158.1.3:1997 ROAD LIGHTING - VEHICULAR TRAFFIC (CATEGORY V) LIGHTING - GUIDE TO DESIGN, INSTALLATION, OPERATION AND....
4 - PREFACE
6 - CONTENTS
11 - SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
11 - 1.1 SCOPE
11 - 1.2 LIGHTING CATEGORIES AND THEIR APPLICATION
11 - 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
11 - 1.4 DEFINITIONS
12 - SECTION 2 WHY WE LIGHT ROADS
12 - 2.1 ROAD LIGHTING OBJECTIVES
12 - 2.2 ROAD SAFETY
12 - 2.3 ROAD LIGHTING AS AN ACCIDENT COUNTERMEASURE
12 - 2.4 SECURITY AND AMENITY
13 - SECTION 3 LIGHTING PRINCIPLES
13 - 3.1 VISUAL PROCESSES AND THE LIGHTING NEEDS OF ROAD USERS
13 - 3.2 LIGHTING INSTALLATIONS AND LIGHT TECHNICAL PARAMETERS
13 - 3.2.1 Basis of road lighting
14 - 3.2.2 Light technical parameters
15 - 3.3 FACTORS AFFECTING PAVEMENT LUMINANCE
18 - 3.4 PAVEMENT REFLECTANCE
18 - 3.4.1 General
18 - 3.4.2 Surface texture
18 - 3.4.3 Colour and lightness
20 - 3.4.4 Wet pavements
21 - SECTION 4 POLICY CONSIDERATIONS
21 - 4.1 INTRODUCTION
21 - 4.2 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS
21 - 4.3 DEVELOPMENT OF WARRANTS
21 - 4.3.1 General
21 - 4.3.2 Factors to be considered in developing warrants
22 - 4.3.3 Economic considerations
22 - 4.4 GENERALIZED WARRANTS FOR TRAFFIC ROUTE LIGHTING
22 - 4.5 WARRANTS FOR LIGHTING ISOLATED INTERSECTIONS
22 - 4.5.1 General provision
23 - 4.5.2 Special conditions
23 - 4.6 WARRANTS FOR FREEWAY LIGHTING
23 - 4.6.1 Application
23 - 4.6.2 General justification for lighting
24 - 4.6.3 Freeways in urban areas
24 - 4.6.4 Freeways in rural areas
25 - 4.7 WARRANTS FOR SUPPLEMENTARY LIGHTING AT PEDESTRIAN CROSSINGS
25 - 4.7.1 General provision
25 - 4.7.2 Special cases
25 - 4.8 FUNDING ARRANGEMENTS
25 - 4.9 LIGHTING TARIFFS
26 - 4.10 THE USE AND PLACEMENT OF RIGID AND FRANGIBLE ROAD LIGHTING POLES
26 - 4.11 STANDARDS
27 - SECTION 5 EQUIPMENT
27 - 5.1 GENERAL
27 - 5.2 LAMPS
27 - 5.3 ROAD LIGHTING LUMINAIRES
29 - 5.4 BRACKET ARMS AND POLES
29 - 5.4.1 Dimensions
29 - 5.4.2 Pole types
29 - 5.4.3 Combination traffic signal mast arm and joint-use road lighting poles
30 - SECTION 6 DESIGN PROCESS
30 - 6.1 GENERAL
30 - 6.2 SIMPLIFIED ROAD LIGHTING PROCESS
30 - 6.3 FULL ROAD LIGHTING DESIGN PROCESS
30 - 6.3.1 Steps involved in process
30 - 6.3.2 Design brief checklist
31 - 6.3.3 Site inspection checklist
32 - SECTION 7 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
32 - 7.1 GENERAL
32 - 7.2 ROAD SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
32 - 7.2.1 General
32 - 7.2.2 Pole positions
32 - 7.2.3 Pole setback
33 - 7.2.4 Pole type
33 - 7.2.5 Curves
33 - 7.2.6 Roundabouts
33 - 7.2.7 Delineation
33 - 7.2.8 Joint-use traffic signal mast arms and joint-use lighting poles
33 - 7.3 TREE-LINED TRAFFIC ROUTES
33 - 7.4 WEATHER CONDITIONS
33 - 7.4.1 Effects on visibility
34 - 7.4.2 Means of improving visibility
34 - 7.5 REFLECTING PROPERTIES OF ROAD SURFACES
35 - 7.6 ROAD LAYOUT
35 - 7.7 ROADWAY FEATURES
35 - 7.8 SURROUNDING BACKGROUNDS TO ROAD
36 - 7.9 VISIBILITY OF ROAD SIGNS
36 - 7.10 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
36 - 7.11 AESTHETICS
37 - SECTION 8 DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS
37 - 8.1 INSTALLATION GEOMETRY
37 - 8.1.1 Required data
37 - 8.1.2 Carriageway lighting design width
37 - 8.1.3 Mounting height (H)
39 - 8.1.4 Overhang
39 - 8.2 LIGHTING ARRANGEMENTS (ARRs)
39 - 8.3 MEDIAN BARRIERS
39 - 8.4 MEDIAN
39 - 8.5 CURVES AND BENDS
39 - 8.6 ROUNDABOUTS
39 - 8.6.1 General
40 - 8.6.2 Road lighting poles located on central island of diameter less than 6 m
40 - 8.6.3 Road lighting poles located on central island of diameter between 6 m and 40m
40 - 8.6.4 Road lighting poles located on central island of diameter between 40 m and 60 m
40 - 8.6.5 Road lighting poles located on central island of diameter greater than 60 m
40 - 8.6.6 Road lighting poles located outside the roundabout
41 - 8.6.7 Road lighting poles located at conflict areas
41 - 8.7 CRESTS AND HUMPS
41 - 8.7.1 Visibility problems
41 - 8.7.2 General recommendations
42 - 8.7.3 Glare at crests from luminaires
42 - 8.8 TREE-LINED TRAFFIC ROUTES
42 - 8.8.1 Influence on light technical parameters
42 - 8.8.2 Tree management policies
42 - 8.8.3 Carriageway lighting design width
42 - 8.8.4 Mounting height and arrangement
42 - 8.8.5 Spacing
43 - 8.9 SHORT BRIDGES, UNDERPASSES AND SHORT TUNNELS
43 - 8.9.1 Short bridges
43 - 8.9.2 Underpasses and short tunnels
43 - 8.10 ORIENTATION OF LUMINAIRES
43 - 8.11 TERMINATION OF ROAD LIGHTING
44 - SECTION 9 DESIGN METHODS
44 - 9.1 GENERAL
44 - 9.2 COMPUTER DESIGN
44 - 9.3 USE OF COMPUTER-GENERATED DESIGN AIDS
44 - 9.3.1 Spacing tables
45 - 9.3.2 Performance tables
45 - 9.3.3 Isolux diagrams
46 - 9.4 USE OF CURVE SPACING CHART
47 - SECTION 10 DESIGN OF INSTALLATION
47 - 10.1 PROCEDURES USED IN LIGHTING DESIGN
47 - 10.2 MINIMUM DESIGN AREAS FOR APPLICATION OF ILLUMINANCE REQUIREMENTS TO SPECIFIC ROAD SITUATIONS
47 - 10.3 LIGHTING LAYOUTS
47 - 10.3.1 Recommended lighting layouts
48 - 10.3.2 Factors influencing the lighting layout
48 - 10.3.3 Evaluation of alternative layouts
49 - 10.4 ELECTRICAL DESIGN
50 - 10.5 CIVIL/STRUCTURAL WORKS
50 - 10.6 LIGHTING DESIGN AUDIT
51 - SECTION 11 DOCUMENTATION
51 - 11.1 EVIDENCE OF COMPLIANCE
51 - 11.2 PLANS AND SCHEDULES
51 - 11.3 ESTIMATES AND MATERIAL LISTS
52 - SECTION 12 INSTALLATION
52 - 12.1 STANDARDS, REGULATIONS AND OTHER REQUIREMENTS
52 - 12.2 INSTALLATION AUDIT
52 - 12.2.1 Audit process
52 - 12.2.2 Audit check list
56 - SECTION 13 OPERATION
56 - 13.1 HOURS OF OPERATION
56 - 13.2 SWITCHING CONTROL
57 - SECTION 14 MAINTENANCE
57 - 14.1 GENERAL PURPOSE
57 - 14.2 FACTORS AFFECTING PERFORMANCE
57 - 14.3 LAMP OUTAGES
57 - 14.3.1 General
61 - 14.3.2 Lamp failures
61 - 14.3.3 Photoelectric (PE) cell failure
61 - 14.4 LAMP AND LUMINAIRE DEPRECIATION
61 - 14.4.1 Lamp depreciation
61 - 14.4.2 Luminaire depreciation
61 - 14.4.3 Allowances for lamp and luminaire depreciation
63 - 14.5 THE MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
63 - 14.5.1 Maintenance activities
63 - 14.5.2 Outage detection and service availability requirements
63 - 14.5.3 Lamp replacement and disposal
64 - 14.5.4 Luminaire cleaning and inspection
64 - 14.5.5 Vegetation management
64 - 14.5.6 Inspection, test, repair and replacement of equipment (other than lamps and luminaires)
65 - 14.5.7 Condition monitoring
65 - 14.5.8 Maintenance records and performance review
65 - 14.5.9 Modification of the maintenance program
66 - APPENDIX A - REFERENCED AND RELATED DOCUMENTS
66 - A1 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
67 - A2 RELATED DOCUMENTS
68 - APPENDIX B - GUIDELINES FOR THE USE AND PLACEMENT OF RIGID AND FRANGIBLE ROAD LIGHTING POLES
68 - B1 SCOPE
68 - B2 APPLICATION
68 - B3 DEFINITIONS
68 - B3.1 High pedestrian activity areas
69 - B3.2 Other pedestrian activity areas
69 - B3.3 Overhead line
69 - B3.4 Rigid concrete median barrier
69 - B3.5 Road lighting pole
69 - B3.6 Pole setback
69 - B3.7 Speed limit
69 - B3.8 Pole setback zone
69 - B3.9 85th percentile speed
70 - B4 POLE CHARACTERISTICS
70 - B4.1 Rigid poles
70 - B4.2 Frangible poles
70 - B5 POLE SELECTION
72 - B6 POLE SETBACK ZONES
72 - B6.1 General
73 - B6.2 Straight sections
73 - B6.3 Curves and bends
73 - B6.4 Verges at intersections
77 - B6.5 Islands, medians, splitters and separators
77 - B6.6 Roundabout central islands
80 - B6.7 Concrete median barrier
80 - B6.8 Guard fence
80 - B6.9 Non-traversable permanent obstructions
82 - B7 WORKED EXAMPLES OF POLE SETBACK ZONES
82 - B7.1 Pole setback zones for roads with speed limits not exceeding 70 km/h
82 - B7.2 Pole setback zones for roads with speed limits exceeding 70 km/h
84 - APPENDIX C - THE PROBLEM OF NIGHT ROAD ACCIDENTS AND ROAD LIGHTING AS AN ACCIDENT COUNTERMEASURE
84 - C1 INTRODUCTION
84 - C2 ROAD ACCIDENTS AT NIGHT
84 - C3 REASONS FOR HIGHER NIGHT ACCIDENT RATE
84 - C4 ROAD LIGHTING - A SUCCESSFUL ACCIDENT COUNTERMEASURE
85 - C5 THE INFLUENCE OF THE QUALITY OF THE LIGHTING
85 - C6 COSTS AND BENEFITS OF ROAD LIGHTING
86 - C7 CONCLUSION
87 - APPENDIX D - TYPICAL FULL ROAD LIGHTING DESIGN PROCESS
92 - APPENDIX E - ABBREVIATED LIGHTING DESIGN BRIEF
93 - APPENDIX F - RECOMMENDED LIGHTING LAYOUTS FOR SPECIFIC ROAD SITUATIONS
113 - APPENDIX G - MINIMUM DESIGN AREAS FOR APPLICATION OF ILLUMINANCE REQUIREMENTS TO SPECIFIC ROAD SITUATIONS
123 - APPENDIX H - TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES SHOWING LAMP MORTALITY AND LUMEN DEPRECIATION

Sets out guidelines for the design, installation, operation and maintenance of lighting systems for roads which require Category V lighting complying with AS/NZS 1158.1.1, i.e. traffic routes, including arterial roads and freeways. It is intended to be read in conjunction with AS/NZS 1158.1.1 and provides background information and advice to assist in the application of the requirements of that Standard.

This Standard sets out guidelines for the design, installation, operation and maintenance of lighting for roads which require Category V lighting complying with AS/NZS 1158.1.1. Performance criteria and installation design requirements for such lighting are specified in AS/NZS 1158.1.1 and should be read in conjunction with the recommendations of this Standard.The purpose of this Standard is to provide background information and advice to assist in the application of the requirements of AS/NZS 1158.1.1. It also provides guidance on other matters for which it is not possible to specify requirements in a mandatory form.The Standard does not purport to cover every possible means of ensuring compliance with AS/NZS 1158.1.1.

First published as AS/NZS 1158.1.3:1997.