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ASTM E 2112 : 2023

Current

Current

The latest, up-to-date edition.

Standard Practice for Installation of Exterior Windows, Doors and Skylights

Available format(s)

Hardcopy , PDF

Language(s)

English

Published date

04-05-2023

£97.52
Excluding VAT

Committee
E 06
DocumentType
Standard Practice
Pages
113
PublisherName
American Society for Testing and Materials
Status
Current
Supersedes

1.1This practice covers the installation of fenestration products in new and existing construction. For the purpose of this practice, fenestration products shall be limited to windows, sliding patio-type doors, swinging patio type doors, and skylights, as used primarily in residential and light commercial buildings.

1.2This practice assumes that the installer possesses basic woodworking skills and an understanding of wall and roof construction, sheet metal work, and joint sealant practices.

1.3This practice attempts to instruct and familiarize the installer with the concepts of both Barrier Systems and Membrane/Drainage Systems, in order to ensure the continuity of the building envelope. This practice attempts to educate the installer, builder, architect, and other users in the identification and understanding of the water shedding system of the building envelope.

1.4This practice covers the installation process from pre-installation procedures through post-installation procedures, for single units or factory-mulled multiple units in a single opening. It does not cover the fabrication or assembly of multiple units, whether such fabrication takes place in a factory or at the intended installation site. The installer should check with the manufacturer of factory-assembled units for instructions for anchoring. When using field-mulled units, follow manufacturer's recommendations and make certain that they meet applicable codes. This practice does not cover the selection of appropriate fenestration products for a given application, nor the selection of other products or systems for use in the installation.

1.5This practice provides minimum requirements that will help to accomplish the installation of fenestration products in an effective manner. Actual conditions in buildings vary greatly and, in some cases, substantial additional precautions may be required. In the event that the manufacturer's installation instructions provided with the product conflict with requirements of this practice, the manufacturer's instructions shall prevail. This practice is not intended to limit or exclude other new procedures that may refine or further improve the effectiveness of fenestration installation.

1.5.1This practice is intended to be used for background information in order to develop training manuals and training programs. Further, this practice attempts to consolidate and unify the various steps of construction, tying together the various trades involved with the continuity between fenestration products and the building envelope.

1.6The text of this practice references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this practice.

1.7This standard has not been created to address all issues related to every possible installation situation one might experience in the field. Furthermore, this practice does not purport to provide fail-safe installation methods, assurance or protection against installation deficiencies, or a standard by which architects can specify or ensure delivered performance.

Note 1:There are no ISO standards covering the primary subject matter of this practice.

1.8Design Professional—This practice is not intended to limit the role and authority of a registered design professional to select a method of installation or to change, modify, or develop other methods of installation to meet the specific requirements of a building project for a particular location. A design professional retains the authority to prepare construction documents indicating window/door/skylight installations integrated with the water-resistive barrier (WRB).

1.9The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

1.10This practice does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 5, Related Procedures. Where a lead hazard is known or suspected, refer to ASTM Standards on Lead Hazards Associated with Buildings and to applicable state and federal regulations. Where an asbestos hazard is known or suspected, refer to the ASTM Manual on Asbestos Control, and to applicable state and federal regulations.

1.11Table of Contents:

Section

Scope

1

 Table of Contents

1.11

Referenced Documents

2

Terminology

3

 Definitions

3.1

 Description of Terms Specific to this Standard

3.2

 Abbreviations

3.3

Significance and Use

4

Related Issues and Procedures

5

 Continuity with the Weather Barrier Systems

5.1

 Joints and Anchorages

5.2

 Moisture Entrapment

5.3

 Water-Resistive Barrier

5.4

 Weatherability

5.5

 Construction Sequence

5.6

 Construction Damage

5.7

 Inspection

5.8

 Rough Opening

5.9

  Rough Opening Size

5.9.1

  Insulating or Filling the Rough Opening Gap

5.9.2

 Materials Protection

5.10

 Cleaning and Maintenance

5.11

 Dissimilar Materials

5.12

 Flashing Requirements

5.13

 Fastening Systems/Anchorage

5.14

 Shimming

5.15

 Pan Flashing Systems and Subsills for Weatherability

5.16

 Pre-Installation Procedures

5.17

 Sealants—Selection and Use

5.18

 Window Cleaner Anchors and Related Safety
  Hardware

5.19

Continuity Between the Fenestration Products and
 Other Components of the Building Envelope

6

Water Shedding Strategies of Wall and Roof Systems

7

 Concept of Surface Barrier Systems and
  Membrane/Drainage Systems

7.1

  Surface Barrier Systems

7.1.1

  Membrane/Drainage Systems

7.1.2

 Identification of Systems

7.2

Installation Methods For Windows

8

 Windows in Walls Utilizing a Membrane/Drainage
  System

8.1

  Windows with Perimeter Mounting Flanges
   (Nail Fins) in Drainage Type Wall Construction

8.1.1

   Flange Types

8.1.1.1

   Selection of Installation Method

8.1.1.2

    Method A

8.1.1.3.1

    Method B

8.1.1.3.2

    Method A1

8.1.1.3.3

    Method B1

8.1.1.3.4

  Non-Finned Windows in Membrane/Drainage
   Type Walls

8.1.2

 Windows in Walls Utilizing a Barrier Wall System
  (Sealant Method)

8.2

 Windows in Walls Utilizing an Exterior Barrier System
  (EIFS or Direct Applied)

8.3

 Alternative Approved Installation Methods for the
  Installation of Windows

8.4

  Extreme Wind/Water Conditions

8.4.1

   Membrane Drainage Wood Frame Construction

8.4.1.1

   Masonry Construction with Surface Barrier
    Stucco Facade

8.4.1.2

 Special Considerations

8.5

  Aluminum Framed Windows

8.5.1

  Vinyl Framed Windows

8.5.2

 Replacement Window Installation

8.6

  Partial Window Replacement for Existing Integral
   Flange Windows

8.6.1

  Partial Replacement of Mill Shop Wood Windows

8.6.2

   “Mill Shop” Wood Windows (Vertical or Horizontal
    Sliding)

8.6.2.1

  Complete Window Replacement

8.6.3

   Destructive Window Replacement (Fin Type)

8.6.3.1

   Non-Destructive Window Replacement
    (Non-Fin Type)

8.6.3.2

Installation Methods for Doors

9

 Doors in Walls Utilizing a Membrane/Drainage System

9.1

  Doors with Perimeter Mounting Flanges
   (Nailing Fins) in Drainage Type Wall
   Construction

9.1.1

   Flange Types

9.1.1.1

   Selection of Installation Method

9.1.1.2

    Method A

9.1.1.4.1

    Method B

9.1.1.4.2

    Method A1

9.1.1.4.3

    Method B1

9.1.1.4.4

  Hinged Swing (Non-finned) Doors in Membrane/
   Drainage Type Walls

9.1.2

Installation Methods for Skylights

10

 Product Types

10.1

 Flashing Procedures

10.2

 Aluminum/Copper Sheet Flashing

10.3

 Aluminum/Copper Step Flashing (Fabricated or
  Engineered)

10.4

 Membrane Flashing

10.5

Post-Installation Procedures

11

Keywords

12

Air Barrier Foam Sealant Used in the Rough
 Opening Gap

Annex A1

Emergency Escape and Rescue Requirements

Annex A2

Minimum Height Requirements for Interior Height of
 Pan Flashing

Annex A3

Sealants

Annex A4

Window/Door Flashing Types

Appendix X1

Cautions for Installation

Appendix X2

Other Referenced Installation Guides

Appendix X3

Alternate Installation Methods

Appendix X4

Air Leakage Sealing of Interior Perimeter Rough
 Opening (Air & Water Seal)

Appendix X5

1.12This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ASTM E 241 : 2020 Standard Guide for Limiting Water-Induced Damage to Buildings
ASTM D 4756 : 2015 : R2021 Standard Practice for Installation of Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding and Soffit (Withdrawn 2023)
ASTM E 2556/E2556M : 2010 : R2022 Standard Specification for Vapor Permeable Flexible Sheet Water-Resistive Barriers Intended for Mechanical Attachment
ASTM C 1852 : 2020 Standard Guide for Product Selection/Delivery Systems for Aerosol Foam Sealants and Adhesives
ASTM E 2110 : 2017 Standard Terminology for Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS)
ASTM E 2266 : 2022 Standard Guide for Design and Construction of Low-Rise Frame Building Wall Systems to Resist Water Intrusion

ASTM A 123/A123M : 2017 Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Products
ASTM E 1677 : 2019 Standard Specification for Air Barrier (AB) Material or Assemblies for Low-Rise Framed Building Walls
ASTM C 1193 : 2016 : R2023 Standard Guide for Use of Joint Sealants
ASTM B 766 : 1986 : R2015 Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Cadmium
ASTM C 717 : 2019 Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
ASTM C 834 : 2017 : R2023 Standard Specification for Latex Sealants
ASTM E 1105 : 2015 : R2023 Standard Test Method for Field Determination of Water Penetration of Installed Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls, by Uniform or Cyclic Static Air Pressure Difference
ASTM E 2357 : 2018 Standard Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate of Air Barrier Assemblies
ASTM B 766 : 2023 Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Cadmium
ASTM E 631 : 2015 : R2024 Standard Terminology of Building Constructions
ASTM A 123/A123M : 2024 Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Products
ASTM E 631 : 2015 Standard Terminology of Building Constructions
ASTM E 1677 : 2023 Standard Specification for Air Barrier (AB) Material or Assemblies for Low-Rise Framed Building Walls
ASTM E 331 : 2000 : R2023 Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference
ASTM E 783 : 2002 : R2018 Standard Test Method for Field Measurement of Air Leakage Through Installed Exterior Windows and Doors
ASTM C 717 : 2024 Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
ASTM E 2357 : 2023 Standard Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate of Air Barrier Assemblies
ASTM E 2357 : 2023 : REV A Standard Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate of Air Barrier Assemblies
ASTM E 2357 : 2024 Standard Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate of Air Barrier Assemblies

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