API 86 : 2005

1 SCOPE
   1.1 Use with Other Recommended Practices
   1.2 Multiphase Flow Classifications
   1.3 Flow Rate Determination Methods
   1.4 Other Relevant Work
2 REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS
3 DEFINITIONS AND NOMENCLATURE
4 INTRODUCTION
   4.1 General
   4.2 Multiphase Flow in Pipes
   4.3 Approaches to Well Rate Determination
   4.4 Measurement Uncertainty
   4.5 Multiphase Meter Acceptance, Calibration and Verification
   4.6 Installation and Operability of Multiphase flow meters
5 MULTIPHASE FLOW
   5.1 General
   5.2 Two-phase flow map
   5.3 Flow Regimes in Vertical Flow
   5.4 Flow Regimes in Horizontal Flow
   5.5 Multiphase Composition Map
   5.6 Conditioning of Multiphase Flow
6 APPLICATION OF MULTIPHASE FLOW MEASUREMENT IN WELL RATE
   DETERMINATION
   6.1 Application by Physical Location
   6.2 Application by Function
7 PRINCIPLES AND CLASSIFICATION OF MULTIPHASE FLOW MEASUREMENT
   7.1 Measurement principles-Composition
   7.2 Measurement principles-Flow
   7.3 Meters Used with Compact or Partial Separation
   7.4 In-Line/Full-Bore Multiphase flow meters
   7.5 Use of Test Separators
   7.6 Nodal Analysis, Integrated Modeling and Virtual Meters
   7.7 Downhole Meters
   7.8 Other Meters
   7.9 Meter Specification and Selection
8 MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY OF MULTIPHASE FLOW MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
   8.1 Overview of Measurement Uncertainty
   8.2 Multiphase Flow Measurement Systems Uncertainty Methodology
   8.3 Uncertainty Changes During Field Life
   8.4 Calibration
   8.5 Requirements for Uncertainty Presentation
   8.6 Effect of Influence Quantities on Uncertainty
   8.7 Sensitivity Analysis
   8.8 Verification of Uncertainty Values
9 MULTIPHASE METER ACCEPTANCE, CALIBRATION, AND VERIFICATION
   9.1 Overview
   9.2 Test Facilities
   9.3 Requirements for Flow Testing of Meters
   9.4 Product Qualification Tests
   9.5 Factory Acceptance Test
   9.6 Initial Site Verification
   9.7 Field Verification
   9.8 In-Situ (Field) Re-Calibration
10 INSTALLATION, RELIABILITY AND OPERABILITY
   10.1 Overview
   10.2 Normal Operating Conditions
   10.3 Operating Environment Considerations
   10.4 Installation Effects on Measurement
   10.5 Abnormal Operations
   10.6 Operation Outside the Calibrated Envelope
11 BIBLIOGRAPHY
Appendix A UNCERTAINTY CONCEPTS
Appendix B CHECKLISTS FOR FACTORY ACCEPTANCE TESTS (FAT)
Appendix C APPLICATION TO GOVERNING REGULATORY AUTHORITY
Appendix D MULTIPHASE AND WET GAS FLOW LOOPS
Appendix E ISSUES IN WELL RATE DETERMINATION BY WELL TEST

Addresses the general shortage of standards and recommended practices governing the measurement and allocation of flow in the upstream domain.