NEN EN 1948-1 : 2006

Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Definitions and abbreviations
    3.1 Definitions
    3.2 Abbreviations
4 Principle of the complete PCDD/PCDF
    4.1 Sampling
         4.1.1 General
         4.1.2 Filter/Condenser method
         4.1.3 Dilution method
         4.1.4 Cooled gas probe
    4.2 Extraction and clean-up
    4.3 Identification and quantification
5 Sampling device and materials
    5.1 Sampling device
         5.1.1 General device
         5.1.2 Sampling device for the filter/condenser
                method
                5.1.2.1 Without division of sample gas
                5.1.2.2 With division of sample gas
         5.1.3 Sampling device for the dilution method
         5.1.4 Sampling device for the cooled probe method
    5.2 Materials
6 Minimum requirements for sampling
    6.1 Method validation criteria
    6.2 Minimum requirements for sampling
    6.3 Additional sampling minimum requirements for the
         filter/condenser method
    6.4 Additional sampling minimum requirements for the
         dilution method
    6.5 Additional minimum requirements for the cooled
         probe method
7 Safety measures and transport
8 Preparations and sampling
    8.1 Advance preparations at the sampling site
         8.1.1 Selection of suitable sampling location
    8.2 Advance preparations at the laboratory
         8.2.1 Preparation of equipment
         8.2.2 Preparation of parts of the sampling train
                in contact with the sample
    8.3 Sampling at the plant
         8.3.1 Initial checks
         8.3.2 Preliminary survey
         8.3.3 Assembly of apparatus
         8.3.4 Sampling
                8.3.4.1 Record keeping
                8.3.4.2 Changing sampling line
         8.3.5 After sampling
                8.3.5.1 Sample recovery from the sampling
                         train
                8.3.5.2 Sample storage
    8.4 Calculation of the flue gas volume
    8.5 Sampling report
Annex A (informative) Toxic equivalency
Annex B (informative) Examples of operation
        B.1 Filter/condenser method
        B.2 Filter/condenser method variant with flow
             division
        B.3 Filter/condenser method variant with solid
             adsorbent upstream of the condensate flask
        B.4 Dilution method automated variant
        B.5 Dilution method manual variant
        B.6 Cooled probe method variant 1
        B.7 Cooled probe method variant 2
Annex C (informative) Bibliography
Annex D (informative) Examples of adsorbents and their
        preparation and cleaning
Annex E (informative) Moisture content determination
Annex F (informative) Oxygen content determination
Annex G (informative) Sampling measurement record
Annex H (informative) Clauses of this European Standard
        addressing essential requirements or other
        provisions of EU Directives

Describes the sampling of PCDDs/PCDFs. It is an integral part of the complete measurement procedure.