EN 14437:2004

Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviations
5 Sampling
6 Test conditions
7 Test material
8 Apparatus
   8.1 Test rig
   8.2 Cables
   8.3 Force measuring device
   8.4 Measuring device for displacement of the roofing tiles
   8.5 Measuring device for weight
9 Test procedure
   9.1 Measurement of the weight
   9.2 Installation of battens, roofing tiles and fixings
   9.3 Determination of the location of the forces on the test
       roof
   9.4 Measurement of the uplift resistance
10 Evaluation and expression of results
11 Test report
Annex A (informative) Test rig
Annex B (normative) Arrangement of tiles on the test rig
      B.1 General
      B.2 Single lap interlocking tiles in straight bond
      B.3 Single lap interlocking tiles in broken bond
      B.4 Tiles with double-lap
Annex C (informative) Fixing patterns to be tested
      C.1 General
      C.2 Single lap interlocking tiles laid in straight bond
      C.3 Single lap interlocking tiles laid in broken bond
      C.4 Tiles with double overlap
Annex D (informative) Calculation of characteristic values
Annex E (informative) Calculation of the uplift resistance of
        clay or concrete tiles for roofing at various roof
        pitches, for a tested configuration
      E.1 Correction for the influence of the weight of the
          roofing tiles
      E.2 Characteristic value of the strength of fixings
      E.3 Uplift resistance of partially or fully fixed roofing
          tiles for various roof pitches
Annex F (informative) Determining the uplift resistance of
        installed clay or concrete tiles for roofing in special
        roof zones
Annex G (informative) Considerations for partial safety factors
        for resistance
      G.1 Partial safety factors for resistance
      G.2 Unfavourable deviations from representative values
      G.3 Systematic differences between test conditions and
          practical situations
      G.4 Differences between test conditions and practical
          situations developing in time
Annex H (informative) Examples of roof tiles for which the test
        method is not applicable
Annex I (informative) Test Rig Commissioning Calibrations
Bibliography

This European Standard specifies a test method to establish the uplift resistance of installed clay or concrete tiles for roofing, complying with the relevant product standard, EN 490 or EN 1304, which are unfixed or mechanically fixed to the substructure.NOTEThe test method has been developed for clay or concrete tiles for roofing but may apply to other discontinuously laid small elements, such as: slates; fibre cement slates; and, stones.The test method is applicable to mechanical fixings such as clips, hooks, screws and nails.In case of mechanically fixed tiles, at least every third tile shall be fixed. The method is not applicable for fixed tiles with fixing patterns with less than every third tile fixed.The test method is not applicable to under and over tiles. Examples of these tiles are given in annex H.