BS 5400-2:1978

Foreword
Cooperating organizations
Specification
1. Scope
1.1 Documents comprising this British Standard
1.2 Loads and factors specified in this Part of
       BS 5400
1.3 Wind and temperature
2. References
3. Principles, definitions and symbols
3.1 Principles
3.2 Definitions
3.2.1 Loads
3.2.2 Dead load
3.2.3 Superimposed dead load
3.2.4 Live loads
3.2.5 Adverse and relieving areas and effects
3.2.6 Total effects
3.2.7 Dispersal
3.2.8 Distribution
3.2.9 Highway carriageway and lanes
3.2.10 Bridge components
3.3 Symbols
4. Loads: general
4.1 Loads and factors specified
4.1.1 Nominal loads
4.1.2 Design loads
4.1.3 Additional factor gamma f3
4.1.4 Fatigue loads
4.1.5 Deflection and camber
4.2 Loads to be considered
4.3 Classification of loads
4.3.1 Permanent loads
4.3.2 Transient loads
4.4 Combinations of loads
4.4.1 Combination 1
4.4.2 Combination 2
4.4.3 Combination 3
4.4.4 Combination 4
4.4.5 Combination 5
4.5 Application of loads
4.5.1 Selection to cause most adverse effect
4.5.2 Removal of superimposed dead load
4.5.3 Live load
4.5.4 Wind on relieving areas
4.6 Overturning
4.6.1 Restoring moment
4.6.2 Removal of loads
4.7 Foundation pressures, sliding on foundations,
       loads on piles, etc.
4.7.1 Design loads to be considered with CP 2004
5. Loads applicable to all bridges
5.1 Dead load
5.1.1 Nominal dead load
5.1.2 Design load
5.2 Superimposed dead load
5.2.1 Nominal superimposed dead load
5.2.2 Design load
5.3 Wind load
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Wind gust speed
5.3.3 Nominal transverse wind load
5.3.4 Nominal longitudinal wind load
5.3.5 Nominal vertical wind load
5.3.6 Load combination
5.3.7 Design loads
5.3.8 Overturning effects
5.3.9 Aerodynamic effects
5.4 Temperature
5.4.1 General
5.4.2 Minimum and maximum shade air temperatures
5.4.3 Minimum and maximum effective bridge temperatures
5.4.4 Range of effective bridge temperature
5.4.5 Temperature difference
5.4.6 Coefficient of thermal expansion
5.4.7 Nominal values
5.4.8 Design values
5.5 Effects of shrinkage and creep, residual stresses,
       etc.
5.6 Differential settlement
5.6.1 Assessment of differential settlement
5.6.2 Load factors
5.7 Exceptional loads
5.7.1 Snow loads
5.7.2 Design loads
5.8 Earth pressure on retaining structures
5.8.1 Filling material
5.8.2 Live load surcharge
5.9 Erection loads
5.9.1 Temporary loads
5.9.2 Permanent loads
5.9.3 Disposition of permanent and temporary loads
5.9.4 Wind and temperature effects
5.9.5 Snow and ice loads
6. Highway bridge live loads
6.1 General
6.1.1 Loads to be considered
6.1.2 Notional lanes, hard shoulders, etc.
6.1.3 Distribution analysis of structure
6.2 Type HA loading
6.2.1 Nominal uniformly distributed load (UDL)
6.2.2 Nominal knife edge load (KEL)
6.2.3 Distribution
6.2.4 Dispersal
6.2.5 Single nominal wheel load alternative to UDL and
       KEL
6.2.6 Dispersal
6.2.7 Design HA loading
6.3 Type HB loading
6.3.1 Nominal HB loading
6.3.2 Contact area
6.3.3 Dispersal
6.3.4 Design HB loading
6.4 Application of types HA and HB loading
6.4.1 Type HA loading
6.4.2 Types HB and HA loading combined
6.4.3 Highway loading on transverse cantilever slabs,
       slabs supported on all four sides, centre reserves
       and outer verges
6.5 Centrifugal load
6.5.1 Nominal centrifugal load
6.5.2 Associated nominal primary live load
6.5.3 Load combination
6.5.4 Design load
6.6 Longitudinal load
6.6.1 Nominal load for type HA
6.6.2 Nominal load for type HB
6.6.3 Associated nominal primary live load
6.6.4 Load combination
6.6.5 Design load
6.7 Accidental load due to skidding
6.7.1 Nominal load
6.7.2 Associated nominal primary live load
6.7.3 Load combination
6.7.4 Design load
6.8 Loads due to vehicle collision with parapets
6.8.1 Nominal load
6.8.2 Associated nominal primary live load
6.8.3 Load combination
6.8.4 Design load
6.9 Collision loads on supports of bridges over
       highways
6.9.1 Nominal load
6.9.2 Associated nominal primary live load
6.9.3 Load combination
6.9.4 Design load
6.9.5 Bridges over railways, canals or navigable water
6.10 Loading for fatigue investigations
6.11 Dynamic loading on highway bridges
7. Footway and cycle track live load
7.1 Bridges supporting footway or cycle tracks only
7.1.1 Nominal live load
7.1.2 Nominal load on pedestrian parapets
7.1.3 Design load
7.1.4 Collision load on supports of foot/cycle track
       bridges
7.1.5 Vibration serviceability
7.2 Elements supporting footways or cycle tracks and
       a highway or railway
7.2.1 Nominal live load
7.2.2 Nominal wheel load
7.2.3 Associated nominal primary live load
7.2.4 Load due to vehicle collision with parapets
7.2.5 Design load
8. Railway bridge live load
8.1 General
8.2 Nominal loads
8.2.1 Type RU loading
8.2.2 Type RL loading
8.2.3 Dynamic effects
8.2.4 Dispersal of concentrated loads
8.2.5 Deck plates and similar local elements
8.2.6 Application of standard loadings
8.2.7 Lurching
8.2.8 Nosing
8.2.9 Centrifugal load
8.2.10 Longitudinal loads
8.3 Load combinations
8.4 Design loads
8.5 Derailment loads
8.5.1 Design load for RU loading
8.5.2 Design load for RL loading
8.6 Collision load on supports of bridges over
       railways
8.7 Loading for fatigue investigations
Numerous appendices
Numerous tables
Numerous figures

Specifies nominal loads and their application and partial safety factors which are to be used in deriving design loads for highway, railway and foot/cycle track bridges in the UK.