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ASTM D 94 : 2007 : R2017

Current

Current

The latest, up-to-date edition.

Standard Test Methods for Saponification Number of Petroleum Products

Available format(s)

Hardcopy , PDF

Language(s)

English

Published date

01-05-2017

£48.38
Excluding VAT

CONTAINED IN VOL. 05.01, 2018 Defines the determination of the amount of constituents in petroleum products such as lubricants, additives, and transmission fluids that will saponify under the conditions of the test.

Committee
D 02
DevelopmentNote
Also numbered as IP 136 Section 1 and IP 136 Section 2 (01/2001) Supersedes ASTM D 438. (02/2002)
DocumentType
Test Method
Pages
9
ProductNote
Reconfirmed 2017
PublisherName
American Society for Testing and Materials
Status
Current
Supersedes

1.1These test methods cover the determination of the amount of constituents in petroleum products such as lubricants, additives, and transmission fluids that will saponify under the conditions of the test.

Note 1:Statements defining this test and its significance when applied to electrical insulating oils of mineral origin will be found in Guide D117. Experience has shown that for transformer oils, Test Method D94, modified by use of 0.1 M KOH solution and 0.1 M HCl, is more suitable.

1.1.1Two test methods are described: Method A—Color Indicator Titration (Sections 6 – 13), and Method B—Potentiometric Titration (Sections 14 – 23).

1.2Because compounds of sulfur, phosphorus, the halogens, and certain other elements that are sometimes added to petroleum products also consume alkali and acids, the results obtained indicate the effect of these extraneous materials in addition to the saponifiable material present. Results on products containing such materials, on used internal-combustion-engine crankcase oils, and on used turbine oils must be interpreted with caution.

Note 2:The materials referred to above, which are not normally considered saponifiable matter, include inorganic or certain organic acids, most nonalkali soaps, and so forth. The presence of such materials increases the saponification number above that of fatty saponifiable materials for which the test method is primarily intended. The odor of hydrogen sulfide near the end of the back-titration in the saponification test is an indication that certain types of reactive sulfur compounds are present in the sample. In the case of other reactive sulfur, chlorine, and phosphorus compounds and other interfering materials, no simple indication is given during the test. A gravimetric determination of the actual amount of fatty acids is probably the most reliable method for such compounds. Test Methods D128 or IP Method 284/86 can be used to determine fatty acids gravimetrically.

1.3The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.

1.4This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Sections 6, 7, 8, 10, 15, 16, 17, and 19.

1.5This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D 4177 : 1995 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D 4057 : 2012 : R2018 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D 6299 : 2013 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
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ASTM D 1193 : 1977 : R1983 : EDT 1 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM D 6299 : 2010 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
ASTM D 6299 : 2022 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
ASTM D 4057 : 1981 : EDT 2 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D 6792 : 2021 : REV B Standard Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
ASTM D 6792 : 2023 : REV C Standard Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
ASTM D 6299 : 2023 : REV A Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
ASTM D 6792 : 2004 : REV A Standard Guide for Quality System in Petroleum Products and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
ASTM D 6792 : 2005 Standard Guide for Quality System in Petroleum Products and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
ASTM D 6299 : 2000 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
ASTM D 6299 : 2010 : EDT 2 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
ASTM D 6299 : 2016 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
ASTM D 6792 : 2023 : REV B Standard Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
ASTM D 4057 : 2006 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D 1193 : 2006 : R2011 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM D 4177 : 2015 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D 6792 : 2020 Standard Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
ASTM D 6299 : 2019 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
ASTM D 6792 : 2021 Standard Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
ASTM D 4057 : 2012 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D 6299 : 2023 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
ASTM D 6299 : 2000 : REV A Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
ASTM D 6792 : 2013 Standard Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
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ASTM D 6792 : 2007 Standard Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
ASTM D 4177 : 2022 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D 1193 : 1991 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM D 6792 : 2021 : REV C Standard Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
ASTM D 6299 : 2023 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
ASTM D 6299 : 2020 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
ASTM D 4177 : 1995 : R2010 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D 128 : 1998 : R2019 Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Lubricating Grease
ASTM D 6299 : 2008 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
ASTM D 6792 : 2023 : REV A Standard Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
ASTM D 4177 : 1995 : R2000 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Peroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D 6299 : 2002 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
ASTM D 117 : 1996 Standard Guide for Sampling, Test Methods, Specifications, and Guide for Electrical Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin
ASTM D 117 : 2022 Standard Guide for Sampling, Test Methods, and Specifications for Electrical Insulating Liquids
ASTM D 128 : 2024 : REV A Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Lubricating Grease
IP 284 : 2004 METHODS OF TEST FOR PETROLEUM AND ITS PRODUCTS - PART 284: DETERMINATION OF UNSAPONIFIABLE AND SAPONIFIABLE MATTER IN OILS FATS AND WAXES
ASTM D 6299 : 2022 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
ASTM D 6792 : 2022 Standard Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
ASTM D 4057 : 2022 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D 4177 : 2016 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D 1193 : 1970 Standard Specification For Reagent Water
ASTM D 6792 : 2003 Standard Guide for Quality System in Petroleum Products and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
ASTM D 4177 : 2020 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D 4177 : 1995 : R2005 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D 1193 : 2006 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM D 1193 : 1999 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM D 6792 : 2002 Standard Guide for A Quality System in Petroleum Products and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
ASTM D 128 : 1998 Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Lubricating Grease
ASTM D 6299 : 2007 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
ASTM D 6792 : 2023 Standard Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
ASTM D 6299 : 2007 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
ASTM D 4057 : 1995 : R2000 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D 6299 : 2020 : REV A Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
ASTM D 4177 : 2022 : EDT 1 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D 6299 : 2017 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
ASTM D 1193 : 2006 : R2018 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM D 4177 : 2015 : REV A Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D 6792 : 2022 : REV A Standard Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
ASTM D 4057 : 2006 : R2011 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
IP 136 : 1999 PETROLEUM PRODUCTS - DETERMINATION OF SAPONIFICATION NUMBER - PART 2 - POTENTIOMETRIC TITRATION METHOD
ASTM D 6299 : 2002 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance

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