AGA REPORT 7 : 1996

0 Introduction
1 Scope
2 Construction
    2.1 General
    2.2 Body
    2.3 Measuring Mechanism
    2.4 Output Device
3 Installation
    3.1 General
    3.2 Installation Configurations
          3.2.1 Recommended Installation for In-Line
                 Meters
          3.2.2 Optional Installation Configurations
                 for In-Line Meters
                 3.2.2.1 Short-Coupled Installations
                 3.2.2.2 Close-Coupled Installations
          3.2.3 Recommended Installation for Angle Body
                 Meters
    3.3 Straightening Vanes
    3.4 Strainers or Filters
    3.5 Over-Range Protection
    3.6 By-pass
    3.7 Additional Installation Requirements
    3.8 Accessory Installation
          3.8.1 Temperature Measurement
          3.8.2 Pressure Measurement
          3.8.3 Density Measurement
          3.8.4 Accessory Devices
4 Operation
    4.1 General
    4.2 Initial Startup
    4.3 Maintenance and Inspection Frequency
5 Performance Characteristics
    5.1 Swirl Effect
    5.2 Velocity Profile Effect
    5.3 Fluid Drag Effect
    5.4 Non-Fluid Drag Effect
    5.5 Repeatability
    5.6 Meter Error, Uncertainty and Accuracy
    5.7 Turbine Meter Performance Curves
          5.7.5 Actual Flow Rate
          5.7.6 Base Flow Rate
    5.8 Linearity
    5.9 Pressure Loss
    5.10 Maximum Flow Rate
    5.11 Minimum Flow Rate and Rangeability
    5.12 Pulsation Effects
          5.12.1 Flow Velocity Pulsations
          5.12.2 Pulsation Index
6 Volumetric Flow Measurement
    6.1 Equations for Calculating Volumetric Flow
          6.1.2 Flow Rate at Flowing Conditions
          6.1.3 Flow Rate at Base Conditions
          6.1.4 Pressure Multiplier
          6.1.5 Temperature Multiplier
          6.1.6 Flowing Temperature Multiplier
          6.1.7 Multiplier
          6.1.8 Compressibility Multiplier
7 Mass Flow Measurement
    7.1 Equation for Calculating Mass Flow
8 Calibration
    8.1 General
    8.2 Determination of Calibration Factor
    8.3 Presentation of Calibration Data
    8.4 Calibration Methods
          8.4.1 General
          8.4.2 Bell Prover
          8.4.3 Weigh Tank Prover
          8.4.4 Transfer Prover
          8.4.5 Critical Flow Orifice Prover and Sonic
                 Nozzle Prover
          8.4.6 In line Orifice Meters
          8.4.7 Module Interchange
9 Field Checks
    9.1 General
    9.2 Visual Inspection
    9.3 Spin Time Test
References
                 

Contains additional information on the theory of operation, performance characteristics, installation, and maintenance of turbine meters; includes techniques for flow computation, discussions on density and rangeability, and provides a section on calibration testing.