BS 5534-1:1997

Committees responsible
Foreword
Section 1. General
1.1 Scope
1.2 References
1.3 Definitions
1.4 Symbols
Section 2. Materials, fitting and accessories
2.1 Clay tiles and fittings (single and double lap)
2.2 Concrete tiles and fittings (single and double lap)
2.3 Fibre-cement slates and fittings
2.4 Natural slates and fittings
2.5 Bitumen shingles
2.6 Wooden shingles and shakes
2.7 Metal tiles
2.8 Other tiles and artificial slates
2.9 Valley units (pre-formed)
2.10 Roofing underlay
2.11 Boarding, sheathing and sarking
2.12 Battens and conterbattens
2.13 Mechanical fixings
2.14 Flashings and junctions
2.15 Mortar
2.16 Other fittings and accessories
Section 3. Design recommendations
3.1 Definitions
3.2 Rain and snow resistance
3.3 Roof pitch, headlaps and sidelaps
3.4 Recommendations for minimum roof pitch, headlaps and
      sidelaps (roof)
3.5 Recommendations for minimum headlaps, sidelaps and
      overlaps for vertical walls (75 deg and above)
3.6 Structural stability
3.7 Durability
3.8 Thermal insulation
3.9 Control of condensation
3.10 Fire
3.11 Sound
3.12 Environmental
3.13 Health and safety
Section 4. Design details
4.1 General
4.2 Underlays
4.3 Battens
4.4 Double lap clay and concrete plain tiles
4.5 Single lap clay and concrete interlocking tiles
4.6 Fibre cement slates
4.7 Natural slates
4.8 Bitumen shingles
4.9 Wooden shingles and shakes
4.10 Metal tiles
4.11 Other tiles/artificial slates (non-traditional)
4.12 Vertical slating, tiling and shingling
4.13 Repairs and maintenance
Annexes
A (normative) Method of test for air permeability
B (normative) Values of the uplift pressure reduction factor R
C (normative) Method of test and requirements for wind uplift
    resistance of mechanical fixings (clips) for small
    rigid roofing elements
D (normative) Worked examples of wind uplift and fixing
    calculations
E (normative) Permissible characteristics and defects
    for timber battens and conterbattens
F (informative) Recommended preservative treatment schedules
    for timber battens (BS 5268: Part 5)
G (normative) Design of batten sizes by calculation
H (normative) Example of structural design calculations
    for tilting battens
J (normative) Method of test for determination of tensile
    adhesion strength of bedding mortars
Tables
1 Recommended timber batten sizes (roofing and vertical
    work)
2 Recommended minimum headlaps and roof pitches and
    angles of creep for double lap natural, fibre cement and
    other artificial slates
3 Recommended minimum headlaps and roof pitches and
    minimum angles of creep for double lap natural, fibre
    cement and another artificial slates
4 Nail penetrations for fixing into timber against wind
    uplift
5 Mortar tensile adhesion strength St
6 Sand grading-envelopes grading classification of sands
    used for mortar samples
7 Spacing of nails and screws
8 Pressure difference coefficients (Cpt) for duopitch,
    hipped and monopitch roofs of clad rectangular buildings
9 Values of air permeability factor D for certain roof
    covering types laid with unsealed head and side laps
10 Values of roof substrate shielding factor S for
    calculating the wind uplift loads on roof coverings
    laid with unsealed head and side laps
11 Cpi values applicable in cases where the ceiling is
    permeable or absent
12 Recommended minimum widths of valley gutters for
    different roof pitches
13 Recommended headlaps for underlay
A.1 Test sample layout
B.1 Values of the uplift pressure reduction factor R
C.1 Values of k
F.1 Preservative treatment schedules or immersion periods
G.1 Permissible short term load sharing bending stress
    for timber battens
Figures
1 Categories of exposure to driving rain
2 Laps and angles of creep for double lap products
3 Wind uplift loading on slates and tiles (including
    eaves and verge overhang)
4 Distances around obstructions
5 Key for Cpt data for duopitch and hipped roofs
6 Key for Cpt data for monopitch roofs
7 Valley with unbedded tiles or slates
8 Valley with bedded tiles
A.1 Arrangement of apparatus
A.2 Plenum chamber arrangement for air permeability test
C.1 Example of arrangement of test apparatus for determination
    of clip strength
C.2 Example of hinged batten for supporting a clipped
    test tile
C.3 System of forces in an array of clipped tiles
    under uplift load
D.1 Dimensions of a single lap tile described in example 2
D.2 Dimensions of a plain tile fixed as in example 5
D.3 Uplift forces, Ftr and Fh and the self weight acting
    on a ridge tile
D.4 Restoring force provided by the mortar
D.5 Dimension of double lap slating example
E.1 Examples of knot configurations
E.2 Wane
E.3 Permissible depth of fissures
E.4 Permissible slope of grain
E.5 Permissible rate of growth
H.1 Loads and bending moments on roof battens
J.1 Illustration of test strip selection from plain tile
J.2 Illustration of sample configuration at the time of
    testing
List of references

Addresses design, material and application recommendations for slates, tiles and shingles, together with associated fittings and accessories for use in constructing pitched roofs and vertical cladding applications. Also considers rain and wind resistance, durability, thermal insulation, condensation control, fire resistance, sound, environmental and health and safety concerns.