API 1141 : 1994

Section 1 - General
1.1 Scope
1.2 Conformance to API Environmental Mission and
      Guiding Principles
1.3 Definitions
1.4 Referenced Publications
1.5 Supplementary Information
Section 2 - Administrative Controls
2.1 Written Procedures and Guidelines
2.2 Administrative Standards
2.3 Authority for Initiating Entry
Section 3 - Confined Space Hazards on Tank Ships
3.1 General
3.2 Oxygen Deficiency
3.3 Fires and Explosions
3.4 Toxic Substances
3.5 Physical Hazards
Section 4 - Pre-Entry Considerations
4.1 Identification of Hazards
4.2 Permit
4.3 Isolation
4.4 Atmospheric Control and Ventilation Prior to Entry
4.5 Emergency Procedures for Inerting and/or
      Ventilating a Confined Space with an Explosive or
      Overrich Atmosphere or which Contains Unexpected
      Hydrocarbons for which the Space is Intended
4.6 Pre-entry Atmosphere Testing
4.7 Standby Personnel
4.8 Illumination
Section 5 - Personal Protective Equipment
5.1 General
5.2 Calibration and Maintenance
Section 6 - Permitting and Entry
6.1 General
6.2 Initial Entry Inspection to Confirm Entry
      Conditions
6.3 Safety Meeting
6.4 Work Procedures
Section 7 - Special Considerations for Pumprooms
Appendix A - Safety and Health Considerations
Appendix B - Sample Confined Space Entry Permit
Table:
A-1. Concentration and Typical Characteristics
      Regarding Hydrogen Sulfide Exposure

Gives guidance for safely entering and working in confined spaces on board tank ships in the petroleum industry. Recommendations and work procedures described are based on a consensus among marine operators of the essential elements needed in a confined space entry program to prevent accidents, injuries and illnesses.